chaetomium

Cochliodone A, a bioactive compound isolated from the deep-sea fungus Chaetomium sp., exhibits both antibacterial and anticancer properties. This substance demonstrates toxicity against multiple bacterial strains, as evidenced by its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 15.3 μg/mL for V. vulnificus, 32.7 μg/mL for V. rotiferianus, 15.9 μg/mL for S. aureus ATCC 43300, and 16.3 μg/mL for S. aureus CGMCC 1.12409. Additionally, Cochliodone A effectively inhibits several cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) recorded at 28.1 μM for A549, 20.7 μM for HeLa, and 23.2 μM for Hep G2 [1].

Chaetominine is a type of cytotoxic alkaloid obtained from endophytic Chaetomium sp. IFB-E015.

11-epi-Chaetomugilin I, a metabolite identified in Chaetomium globosum, demonstrates notable cytotoxic activity against several cell lines, including the murine P388 and L1210 leukemia cell lines, the human HL-60 leukemia cell line, and the human KB epidermoid carcinoma cell line [1].

Semicochliodinol, a compound that can be isolated from rice cultures of the fungus genus Chaetomium, has been identified [1].

Chaetoviridin A, an azaphilone isolated from Chaetomium globosum, is characterized as 6H-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8(6aH)-dione with substitutions including a chloro group at position 5, a 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl group at position 9, a methyl group at position 6a, and a 3-methylpent-1-en-1yl group at position 3. It exhibits antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi.

Chaetoglobosin C (Compound 4), an anthraquinone-chromone derivative of Chaetomium globosum KMITL-N0802, exhibits anti-tuberculosis activity [1].

19-O-Acetylchaetoglobosin A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated fromC. globosumthat has actin polymerization inhibitory and cytotoxic activities.1,2It inhibits actin polymerization in a cell-free assay when used at a concentration of 2 μM.219-O-Acetylchaetoglobosin A (3.2, 10, and 32 μg/ml) is cytotoxic to HeLa cervical cancer cells.1 1.Umeda, M., Ohtsubo, K., Saito, M., et al.Cytotoxicity of new cytochalasans from Chaetomium globosumExperientia31(4)435-438(1975) 2.Sekita, S., Yoshihira, K., Natori, S., et al.Structure-activity relationship of thirty-nine cytochalasans observed in the effects on cellular structures and cellular events and on actin polymerization in vitroJ. Pharmacobiodyn.8(11)906-916(1985)

Myceliothermophin E is a polyketide-amino acid hybrid fungal metabolite that has been found inT. thermophilusand has anticancer and antimicrobial activities.1,2It is cytotoxic to DLD-1, Hep3B, HepG2, and HGC-27 cancer cells (IC50s = 0.32, 0.42, 0.26, and 0.08 μg/ml, respectively).1Myceliothermophin E is active against methicillin-resistant, but not -sensitive,S. aureus(MICs = 15.8 and >100 μM, respectively).2 1.Gao, Y.-L., Zhang, M.-L., Wang, X., et al.Isolation and characterization of a new cytotoxic polyketide-amino acid hybrid from Thermothelomyces thermophilus ATCC 42464Nat. Prod. Res.Epub ahead of print(2019) 2.Wang, X., Zhao, L., Liu, C., et al.New tetramic acids comprising of decalin and pyridones from Chaetomium olivaceum SD-80A with antimicrobial activityFront. Microbiol.102958(2020)

chaetoglobosin Vb is a new cytochalasan alkaloid isolated from endophytic Chaetomium globosum

Chetomin (BRN0077366) is an inhibitor of HIF-1 by weaken transcription of HIF-1, disrupting the binding of HIF-1α and HIF-2α to p300 at low nanomolar concentrations.

Xanthoquinodin A1 is a fungal metabolite that has been found inHumicolaand has diverse biological activities.1,2It inhibitsE. tenellaschizont formation in BHK-21 cells with a minimum effective concentration (MEC) value of 0.02 μg/ml.1Xanthoquinodin A1 is active againstB. subtilis,M. luteus,S. aureus,A. laidlawii, andB. fragilisin a disc assay when used at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. It is also active againstB. cereus(MIC = 0.44 μM).2Xanthoquinodin A1 is cytotoxic to KB, MCF-7, and NCI H187 cancer cells. 1.Tabata, N., Suzumura, Y., Tomoda, H., et al.Xanthoquinodins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Humicola sp. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological propertiesJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)46(5)749-755(1993) 2.Tantapakul, C., Promgool, T., Kanokmedhakul, K., et al.Bioactive xanthoquinodins and epipolythiodioxopiperazines from Chaetomium globosum 7s-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from Rhapis cochinchinensis (Lour.) MartNat. Prod. Res.34(4)494-502(2020)

Chaetocin, a natural product from Chaetomium species, is a histone methyltransferase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 μM, 2.5 μM and 3 μM for dSU(VAR)3-9, mouse G9a and Neurospora crassa DIM5, respectively.