11-cisRetinol is an isomer of vitamin A . It is formed from vitamin A,viaatrans-retinyl ester intermediate, by the enzyme RPE65 in the retinal pigment epithelium and then converted to 11-cis retinal as part of the visual cycle.1,211-cisRetinol is an agonist of salamander and human red rod opsins expressed in COS cells and an inverse agonist of salamander red cone opsin, as well as human red and green cone opsins expressed in COS cells.3It promotes pigment formation in cone, but not rod, photoreceptors. 1.Rando, R.R.The biochemistry of the visual cycleChem. Rev.101(7)1881-1896(2001) 2.Guignard, T.J.P., Jin, M., Pequignot, M.O., et al.FATP1 inhibits 11-cis retinol formation via interaction with the visual cycle retinoid isomerase RPE65 and lecithin: Retinol acyltransferaseJ. Biol. Chem.285(24)18759-18768(2010) 3.Ala-Laurila, P., Cornwall, M.C., Crouch, R.K., et al.The action of 11-cis-retinol on cone opsins and intact cone photoreceptorsJ. Biol. Chem.284(24)16492-16500(2009)

Retinol (Alphalin) and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.

All-trans-Anhydro Retinol (Anhydrovitamin A) is a Vitamin A metabolite commonly employed in the synthesis of multivitamin preparations[1].

Vitamin A-d4 is a deuterated compound of Vitamin A. Vitamin A has a CAS number of 68-26-8. Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.

Vitamin A-d5 Acetate is a deuterated compound of Vitamin A Acetate. Vitamin A Acetate has a CAS number of 127-47-9. Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional hydrocarbons, that contains retinal, retinol, retinoic acid, and several provitamins A carotenoids, among which beta-carotene is the most important.

Retinyl acetate (Vitamin A acetate) is a group of unsaturated nutritional hydrocarbons, that contains retinal, retinol, retinoic acid, and several provitamins A carotenoids, among which beta-carotene is the most important.

Retinyl palmitate (Vitamin A palmitate) is a naturally-occurring phenyl analogue of retinol, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities.

β-Carotene (Provitamin A) is a naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA.

Zuretinol is a oral retinoid.

K-80003(TX-803) is a potent retinol-like X-receptor-alpha regulator that inhibits TRxrα-dependent Akt activation and tumor cell growth.

All-trans-13,14-Dihydroretinol, a metabolite of all-trans-retinoic acid, is synthesized through the enzymatic action of retinol saturase on all-trans-retinoic acid.

RBP4 ligand-1 is a non-retinoid ligand for retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4). hRBP4SPAIC50 and RBP4-TTR FRET IC50 values were 0.23±0.11 and 0.13±0.12 μM for the radioligand binding assay and FRET assay, respectively. 0.12 μM.

A 1120 is a nonretinoid retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) antagonist (Ki: 8.3 nM), which disrupts the interaction between RBP4 and its binding partner transthyretin.

Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (651-670) (IRBP651-670), a peptide fragment of retinoid-binding protein 3 (also known as IRBP), plays a crucial role in the visual cycle by facilitating the transport of retinol and retinal between photoreceptor cells and the retinal pigment epithelium. This transport is essential for the regeneration of pigments necessary for vision. When administered at a dose of 300 µg/animal, IRBP651-670 induces autoimmune uveoretinitis in C57BL/6 mice, a model possessing the H-2b haplotype. This immunization leads to increased levels of ocular cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, promotes immune cell infiltration into the eye, and results in photoreceptor cell damage.

RBP4 inhibitor 1 (compound 43b) is an orally active and potent inhibitor of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), exhibiting IC50 values of 28 nM and 110 nM for human and mouse RBP4, respectively. It effectively reduces blood RBP4 levels in mice, providing a long-lasting effect [1].

Retinyl formyl aspartamate is a novel synthesized retinol derivative with higher photostability.

13-cis-Retinyl acetate (13-cis-Retinol acetate; 13-cis-Vitamin A acetate), a 13-cis isomer of Retinyl acetate, serves as an active metabolite of vitamin A [1].

RORγt modulator 2 is a modulator of retinol-related orphan receptor γt (RORyt) (IC50<50 nM) and can be used in the study of RORγt-mediated diseases such as pain, inflammation, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, COPD, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, colitis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (1-20) (IRBP1-20), a dodecapeptide fragment of retinoid-binding protein 3, plays a crucial role in pigment regeneration by facilitating the transport of retinol and retinal between photoreceptor cells and the retinal pigment epithelium. It has been utilized to provoke autoimmune uveoretinitis in C57BL/6 mice, possessing the H-2b haplotype. Furthermore, IRBP1-20 at a concentration of 3 µM enhances the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 from primary mouse spleen lymphocytes. Immunization and subsequent rechallenge with IRBP1-20 lead to increased ear swelling, inflammation of ocular blood vessels, infiltration by immune cells, damage to the photoreceptor layer, and retinal detachment in IFN-γ-deficient mice.

RORγt modulator 3 is a modulator of retinol-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) and can be used to study RORγt-mediated diseases such as pain, COPD, inflammation, asthma, colitis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

Emixustat hydrochloride (ACU-4429 hydrochloride) strongly inhibits 11-cis-retinol production with IC50 values of 232 ± 3 nM. 11-cis-retinol Emixustat hydrochloride is a novel visual cycle modulator.