Fragment-based drug design has introduced a bottom-up process for drug development, with improved sampling of chemical space and increased effectiveness in early drug discovery. Here, we combine the use of pharmacophores, the most general concept of representing drug-target interactions with the theory of protein hotspots, to develop a design protocol for fragment libraries. The SpotXplorer approach compiles small fragment libraries that maximize the coverage of experimentally confirmed binding pharmacophores at the most preferred hotspots. Our carefully selected High Solubility Pharmacophore Fragment library contains 985 fragment small molecules.
The theoretical basis of FBDD is to select favorable fragment combinations or extensions to obtain new drug molecules, with a higher probability of obtaining highly active drug candidates. Compared with the screening of millions of macromolecules, thousands of fragment molecules can be combined to form millions of drug structures, which are easier to collect and manage. In addition, fragments have smaller molecular weights, relatively higher solubility, and easier structural optimization. The potential of over-the-counter medicine is higher. We analyzed the key interactions discovered by target protein hot spots to derive the fragment pharmacophore represented by the fragment-protein complex available in the PDB. Using this information, we designed a set of minimal diversified commercial fragments, covering most experiments combined with pharmacophore, used to identify the starting point of the fragment for drug discovery targets.
Library Desgin:
Empty | 1000025-07-9 | 1000413-72-8 | 229005-80-5 | 1000787-75-6 | 946387-07-1 | 1000998-59-3 | 1175526-27-8 | 1001288-58-9 | 1001350-96-4 | 1001404-83-6 | Empty |
Vadadustat | TAK875 | TAK-779 | Tegobuvir | RN-1734 | BMS-687453 | AM211 | FT011 | BMS754807 | AAI101 | ||
Empty | 1001625-82-6 | 1001645-58-4 | 1001753-24-7 | 1001908-89-9 | 1002304-34-8 | 1002-84-2 | 100291-86-9 | 100299-08-9 | 10030-52-1 | 10040-45-6 | Empty |
RPW-24 | SRT1720 hydrochloride | INH6 | SRT 2183 | AMG208 | Pentadecanoic acid | Apiopaeonoside | Pemirolast potassium | L-Anserine nitrate salt | Sodium Picosulfate | ||
Empty | 100427-26-7 | 1004316-88-4 | 10045-45-1 | 100462-37-1 | 1004990-28-6 | 100-51-6 | 1005-24-9 | 1005264-47-0 | 1005334-57-5 | 1005342-46-0 | Empty |
Lercanidipine | Cobicistat | 1-Ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone | ROSIRIDIN | PF-AKT400 | Benzyl alcohol | 1-Methylnicotinamide chloride | MX69 | CVT-10216 | LCL161 | ||
Empty | 1005491-05-3 | 100-55-0 | 1005504-62-0 | 1005883-72-6 | 100643-71-8 | 1007207-67-1 | 10075-50-0 | 1007647-73-5 | 100784-20-1 | 10083-24-6 | Empty |
Tirasemtiv | Roniacol | Rg3039 | Z433927330 | Desloratadine | CH5132799 | 5-Bromoindole | Smurf1-IN-A01 | Halosulfuron-methyl | Piceatannol | ||
Empty | 100872-83-1 | 100874-08-6 | 1009119-64-5 | 1009119-65-6 | 100929-71-3 | 1009298-09-2 | 1009298-59-2 | 100929-99-5 | 1009734-33-1 | 10097-84-4 | Empty |
ML346 | SB 4 | Daclatasvir | Daclatasvir dihydrochloride | NADPH (tetracyclohexanamine) | AZD8055 | Vistusertib | PAβN dihydrochloride | HZ1157 | Rotundine | ||
Empty | 1009816-48-1 | 1009817-63-3 | 1009820-21-6 | 100986-85-4 | 101001-34-7 | 1010411-21-8 | 1010-60-2 | 1011244-68-0 | 1011301-27-1 | 1011529-10-4 | Empty |
Thiamet G | B-AP15 | Silmitasertib | Levofloxacin | Pamicogrel | GSK369796 Dihydrochloride | 2-Chloronaphthoquinone | TFAP | Tenovin3 | Azvudine | ||
Empty | 101152-94-7 | 101155-02-6 | 1011557-82-6 | 1011-74-1 | 101-20-2 | 1012054-59-9 | 101-21-3 | 101-26-8 | 101303-98-4 | 1013101-36-4 | Empty |
Milnacipran hydrochloride | BW-A78U | Tenovin-6 | DL-Normetanephrine hydrochloride | Triclocarban | CUDC101 | Chlorpropham | Mestinon | Zacopride hydrochloride | PF04691502 | ||
Empty | 101-31-5 | 1013-69-0 | 1013750-77-0 | 1013753-99-5 | 10138-52-0 | 1013920-15-4 | 1013937-63-7 | 1014691-61-2 | 101477-54-7 | 101494-95-5 | Empty |
L-Hyoscyamine | Noreugenin | ML-030 | BC-1382 | Gadolinium chloride | Vorolanib | VTP-27999 TFA | GSK0660 | Lomerizine hydrochloride | 8-CHLOROQUINAZOLIN-4(1H)-ONE |