Anti-infection

Niranthin is a potent anti-leishmanial agent, inhibits the relaxation activity of heterodimeric type IB topoisomerase of L. donovani and acts as a non-competitive inhibitor interacting with both subunits of the enzyme. Niranthin also exhibits anti-hepatitis B virus, antiinflammatory and antiallodynic actions.

Robinetin (3,3',4',5',7-Pentahydroxyflavone) exhibits potent antioxidant and antiradical activities, effectively inhibiting EYPC membrane lipid peroxidation and HbA glycosylation.

(+)-Aromadendrene is a natural product that has significant antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

2-Desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin has potent in vitro cytotoxicities against the K562, MCF-7, Hela, DU145, U937, H1975, SGC-7901, A549, MOLT-4, and HL60 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.10 to 46.7uM, while it shows significant antiviral (H1N1 and H3N2) activities, it also displays significant antimycobacterial activity (IC50=7.6 uM).

Licoflavone B has schistosomicidal activity, it showed high S. mansoni ATPase (IC50 of 23.78 μM) and ADPase (IC50 of 31.50 μM) inhibitory activities.

Methyl rosmarinate is a noncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitor isolated from Rabdosia serra, with an IC50 of 0.28 mM for mushroom tyrosinase. It exhibits antioxidative and antifungal activities, and also inhibits tyrosinase, α±-glucosidase, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1).

Isoschaftoside is used as an intercrop due to its allelopathic inhibition of parasitism by Striga hermonthica, an obligate parasitic weed that can devastate the maize crop. Isoschaftoside has anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, it also possesses strong nematicidal activity against M. incognita.

Vincetoxicoside B, isolated from Polygonum paleaceum Wall. Vincetoxicoside B , quercetin, kaempferol , and (-)-epicatechin show synergistic antifungal activities with the FICI values <0.5.

Pimpinellin is a natural product that acts as antagonist of proteins with GABA receptor activity.

Kumatakenin can suppress >80% of the SOS-inducing activity of Trp-P-1 at <0.06 micromol/mL.

Cefotaxime is an inhibitor of penicillin binding protein.

Brevilin A is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Centipeda minima, inhibits janus kinase activity and blocks STAT3 signaling in cancer cells with anti-tumor activity. Brevilin A is a selective inhibitor of JAK-STAT signal pathway by attenuating the JAKs activity and blocking STAT3 signaling (IC50 = 10.6 μM) in Cancer Cells.Brevilin A induces apoptosis and autophagy via mitochondrial pathway and PI3K AKT mTOR inactivation in colon adenocarcinoma cell CT26.antitumour

Eurycomalactone is a natural product isolated from Eurycoma longifolia Jack., acts as a potent NF-κB inhibitor( IC50 of 0.5 μM). Eurycomalactone inhibits protein synthesis, depletes cyclin D1, but does not affect TNFα-induced degradation of IκBα or the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and IκBα.

Persicogenin has anticancer, antimutagenic, and antileishmanial activities, it can inhibit the proliferation of mouse tsFT210 cancer cells, it mainly inhibits cell cycle at the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner.

Prunin (Naringenin 7-0-glucoside) possesses anti-diabetic, and anti-abacterial properties, it can inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and stimulate glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells; it also can stimulate growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and different Bacilllus sp. Prunin exhibits a markedly enhanced solubility compared to naringenin and naringin while maintaining the in vitro inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase.

Dictamine (Dectamine) shows anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, mutagenic, and has antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. It has the ability to exert cytotoxicity in human cervix, colon, and oral carcinoma cells.

5-Geranoxy-7-methoxycoumarin shows antifungal activity.

Octahydrocurcumin has antioxidant and and anti-inflammatory activities, it can inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response via the mechanism of inhibiting NF-kB translocation to the nucleus. Octahydrocurcumin exhibits potent cytotoxic effect (IC50 =19.46 ug mL) and shows high antimicrobial activity.

Quercimeritrin (Quercetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) has antibacterial activity, it shows promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Piperlonguminine, an alkaloid amide isolated from the Piper species, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, anti-platelet, anti-melanogenic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. It inhibits Akt/mTOR signaling, promotes autophagy, and mediates cancer cell death.

Kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside (Kaempferol 3-O-beta-sophoroside) has antibacterial and antiviral activities.

Vasicine is oxytocic and abortifacient agents.Vasicine, a potential natural cholinesterase inhibitor, has been in development for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Vasicine can regulate the inflammatory reaction, have great potentials to develop safe medi

Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside and prunin are direct precursors of naringin and neohesperidin, respectively, in C. aurantium. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside shows inhibition of human HMG-CoA reductase, it also exhibits effective inhibition of the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside can reduce blood pressure in healthy volunteers.

Penicillin G potassium (Benzylpenicillin potassium) is the potassium salt form of penicillin G, a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic.