Spiramycin hexanedioate (Rovamycin) is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens, exhibiting antibacterial, anti-Toxoplasma, and antiparasitic properties. The structure of Spiramycin hexanedioate comprises 16 lactone rings and is adorned with three sugars: mycaminose, forosamine, and mycarose.

Spiramycin treatment (24 hours; 1-1000 μM; T. gondii infected HeLa cells and HeLa cells) demonstrates reduced cytotoxicity and exhibits anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity. It has IC50 values of 189 μM for HeLa cells and 262 μM for T. gondii-infected HeLa cells.

Administered daily for four days via intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 100 mg/kg, spiramycin treatment in female KM mice significantly diminishes tachyzoite counts and hepatotoxicity while enhancing antioxidative effects. Furthermore, this treatment notably reduces the extent of granulomatous inflammation in the liver.