VEGFR-2-IN-19 (Compound 15b) is a highly efficacious inhibitor of VEGFR2, a receptor involved in angiogenesis, and induces cellular apoptosis while elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species, making it a promising anticancer agent [1].

VEGFR-2-IN-19 (Compound 15b) demonstrated antiproliferative effects on HT-29 and A549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 3.38±1.3 μM and 0.63±0.04 μM, respectively, across a 0-100 μM concentration range over 48 hours. At 0-10 μM, it effectively inhibited VEGFR2 phosphorylation and the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, inducing apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in HT-29 cells, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species after 12 hours. Western blot analyses confirmed dose-dependent inhibition of VEGFR2, c-Raf, ERK1/2, and MEK phosphorylation, along with modulation of apoptosis-related proteins [caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2]. Apoptosis and cell cycle assays revealed significant increases in apoptotic cells and alterations in cell cycle progression, indicating potent antitumor activity.