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left-right determination factor 2 (Lefty2), also known as Left-right determination factor A (Lefty A), endometrial bleeding associated factor (left-right determination, factor A transforming growth factor-beta superfamily), and transforming growth factor beta-4, is a member of the TGF-beta family of proteins. This protein is secreted and plays a role in left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems during development. Lefty2/Lefty A may also play a role in endometrial bleeding. Mutations in Lefty2/Lefty A have been associated with left-right axis malformations, particularly in the heart and lungs. Some types of infertility have been associated with dysregulated expression of this gene in the endometrium. Alternative processing of this protein can yield three different products. Depletion of both Lefty1 and Lefty2 causes unchecked Nodal signaling, expansion of mesendoderm, and loss of ectoderm. The expansion of mesendoderm correlates with an extended period of rapid cellular internalization and a failure of deep-cell epiboly. The gastrulation defects of embryos depleted of Lefty1 and Lefty2 result from the deregulation of Squint signaling.
Pack Size | Price | Availability | Quantity |
---|---|---|---|
50 μg | $462 | 7-10 days |
Biological Activity | Measured by its ability to inhibit recombinant human BMP4 induced alkaline phosphatase production by MC3T3-E1 cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 4-16 μg/mL in the presence of 50 ng/mL of recombinant human BMP4. |
Description | left-right determination factor 2 (Lefty2), also known as Left-right determination factor A (Lefty A), endometrial bleeding associated factor (left-right determination, factor A transforming growth factor-beta superfamily), and transforming growth factor beta-4, is a member of the TGF-beta family of proteins. This protein is secreted and plays a role in left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems during development. Lefty2/Lefty A may also play a role in endometrial bleeding. Mutations in Lefty2/Lefty A have been associated with left-right axis malformations, particularly in the heart and lungs. Some types of infertility have been associated with dysregulated expression of this gene in the endometrium. Alternative processing of this protein can yield three different products. Depletion of both Lefty1 and Lefty2 causes unchecked Nodal signaling, expansion of mesendoderm, and loss of ectoderm. The expansion of mesendoderm correlates with an extended period of rapid cellular internalization and a failure of deep-cell epiboly. The gastrulation defects of embryos depleted of Lefty1 and Lefty2 result from the deregulation of Squint signaling. |
Species | Human |
Expression System | HEK293 Cells |
Tag | N-hFc |
Accession Number | A1NY82 |
Synonyms | TGFB4,LEFTYA,left-right determination factor 2,LEFTA,EBAF |
Construction | A DNA sequence encoding the mature form of human LeftyA (NP_003231.2) (Phe 78-Pro 366) was fused with the Fc region of human IgG1 at the N-terminus. Predicted N terminal: Glu 20 |
Protein Purity | > 80 % as determined by SDS-PAGE |
Molecular Weight | 58.8 kDa (predicted); 70 kDa (reducing condition, due to glycosylation) |
Endotoxin | < 1.0 EU/μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method. |
Formulation | Lyophilized from a solution filtered through a 0.22 μm filter, containing PBS, pH 7.4. Typically, a mixture containing 5% to 8% trehalose, mannitol, and 0.01% Tween 80 is incorporated as a protective agent before lyophilization. |
Reconstitution | A Certificate of Analysis (CoA) containing reconstitution instructions is included with the products. Please refer to the CoA for detailed information. |
Stability & Storage | It is recommended to store recombinant proteins at -20°C to -80°C for future use. Lyophilized powders can be stably stored for over 12 months, while liquid products can be stored for 6-12 months at -80°C. For reconstituted protein solutions, the solution can be stored at -20°C to -80°C for at least 3 months. Please avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles and store products in aliquots. |
Shipping | In general, Lyophilized powders are shipping with blue ice. |
Research Background | left-right determination factor 2 (Lefty2), also known as Left-right determination factor A (Lefty A), endometrial bleeding associated factor (left-right determination, factor A transforming growth factor-beta superfamily), and transforming growth factor beta-4, is a member of the TGF-beta family of proteins. This protein is secreted and plays a role in left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems during development. Lefty2/Lefty A may also play a role in endometrial bleeding. Mutations in Lefty2/Lefty A have been associated with left-right axis malformations, particularly in the heart and lungs. Some types of infertility have been associated with dysregulated expression of this gene in the endometrium. Alternative processing of this protein can yield three different products. Depletion of both Lefty1 and Lefty2 causes unchecked Nodal signaling, expansion of mesendoderm, and loss of ectoderm. The expansion of mesendoderm correlates with an extended period of rapid cellular internalization and a failure of deep-cell epiboly. The gastrulation defects of embryos depleted of Lefty1 and Lefty2 result from the deregulation of Squint signaling. |
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