Neuronostatin-13 human acetate is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone, which plays an important role in the regulation of hormonal and cardiac function.

Treatment with Neuronostatin-13 human acetate (1,000 nM) enhances low-glucose-induced glucagon release compare with islets treated with control medium alone. Treatment with Neuronostatin-13 human acetate for 1 h leads to a significant increase in the accumulation of glucagon mRNA compare with vehicle-treated control cells. In αTC1-9 α-cells, treatment with 100 nM Neuronostatin-13 human acetate leads to an increase in phosphorylated PKA at 30 and 40 min[1].

Infusion with Neuronostatin-13 human acetate delays glucose clearance in the rat model, such that blood glucose levels in Neuronostatin-13 human acetate-treated animals are significantly higher at 1 and 10 min following intra-arterial injection of a glucose bolus[1]. Chocardiographic measurement reveals a remarkable drop in heart rate after 3-, 6- and 12-hr of Neuronostatin-13 human acetate challenge. In addition, Neuronostatin-13 human acetate treatment significantly decreases left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and fractional shortening without affecting left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) between 6 and 12 hrs following Neuronostatin-13 human acetate challenge, the effect of which returns to basal level 18-hr after Neuronostatin-13 human acetate treatment[2].