Polygalacturonic acid (Galacturonic acid polymer), a transparent colloid, constitutes a significant portion of the cell wall. It is employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), serving both as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to shield cells from the harmful impacts of elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to expedite wound healing. Additionally, Polygalacturonic acid nanoparticles exhibit antibacterial properties [1] [2].

Polygalacturonic acid forms a robust hydrogel that extends drug efficacy. For instance, a conjugate of polygalacturonic acid hydrogel/hyaluronate with ibuprofen mitigates epidural fibrosis in laminectomized male adult rats, enhances localized inflammation management, and diminishes ibuprofen's side effects [1]. Furthermore, at a concentration of 2% in 200 μL applied over 24 hours, the polygalacturonic acid hydrogel/hyaluronate (PGA-HA) demonstrates minimal cytotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts [1]. Additionally, nanoparticles formulated from polygalacturonic acid (PGA) combined with silver and hyaluronate (Ag-PGA/HA) within a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix exhibit antibacterial properties against both gram-positive bacteria—Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus—and the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli [2].

Polygalacturonic acid, when applied externally for 14 days, accelerates wound healing in albino rats with infections [2].