Lodenafil (Hydroxyhomosildenafil) is a potent PDE5 inhibitor, with treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED)

Fenspiride hydrochloride (Decaspiride) , an oxazolidinone spiro compound, is a drug used in the therapy of certain respiratory diseases. It is approved for use in Russia for the therapy of chronic and acute inflammatory diseases of ENT organs and the respiratory tract (like sinusitis, tracheobronchitis, otitis, laryngitis, and rhinopharyngitis), and for maintenance therapy of asthma.

Diphylline (Diprophylline) is a xanthine derivative. Diphylline exerts bronchodilator effects and to a lesser extent vasodilator and diuretic properties. Diphylline probably acts as a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase which leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP. This results in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and other smooth muscles. Diphylline may also antagonize adenosinereceptors. Diphylline is used in the treatment of acute bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Sildenafil citrate (UK-92480 citrate) , a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitor, is used extensively for erectile dysfunction and less commonly for pulmonary hypertension.

Levosimendan (OR1259) is a calcium sensitizer used in the management of acutely decompensated congestive heart failure. It increases the sensitivity of the heart to calcium, thus increasing cardiac contractility without a rise in intracellular calcium. Levosimendan exerts its effect by increasing calcium sensitivity of myocytes by binding to cardiac troponin C in a calcium-dependent manner.