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Metabolism

ATP Citrate Lyase

(11)

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase

Amino Acids and Derivatives

Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)

Endogenous Metabolite

Glutathione Peroxidase

(35)

HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

(31)

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)

Mitochondrial Metabolism

(80)

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase

Procollagen C Proteinase

(1)

Prolyl Endopeptidase (PREP)

Reactive Oxygen Species

Serine/threonin kinase

(47)

Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD)

Endogenous Metabolite

Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as sex, age, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Filter HomeSignaling PathwaysMetabolismEndogenous Metabolite

NADPH tetrasodium salt

T70922646-71-1

NADPH tetrasodium salt is the reduced form of the electron acceptor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which acts as an electron donor in a variety of biological reactions. NADPH tetrasodium salt is also an endogenous inhibitor of ferroptosis.

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Tamarixetin

TN1039603-61-2

Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is a natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, offering protection against cardiac hypertrophy.

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N1-Acetylspermine trihydrochloride

T3641677928-70-2In house

N1-Acetylspermine trihydrochloride is a monoacetylated derivative of spermine which is an endogenous polyamine. N1-Acetylspermine trihydrochloride can be used in studies about the uptake of the anticancer polyamine analog bleomycin-A5 by the human carnitine transporter SLC22A16.

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Acetylcysteine

T0875616-91-1

Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an N-acetyl derivative of cysteine, a ROS inhibitor and mucolytic agent. Acetylcysteine induces apoptosis, can be used to reduce mucus thickness, and has anti-influenza viral activity.

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Calcitriol

T631632222-06-3

Calcitriol (1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3) is a metabolite of vitamin D and a vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonist (IC50=0.4 nM). Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and increases bone resorption with parathyroid hormone.

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Myricetin

T0579529-44-2

Myricetin (Cannabiscetin) is a natural flavonoid and MEK1 inhibitor. Myricetin has hypoglycemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities.

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SAH

TQ0208979-92-0

SAH (SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine)) is an inhibitor for the METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer complex (METTL3-14, IC50: 0.9 μM).

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Luteolin

T1027491-70-3

Luteolin (Luteolol) belongs to the flavonoid group of natural products and is a Nrf2 inhibitor, PDE inhibitor. Luteolin has a wide range of biological activities including antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiallergic, and procoagulant.

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Zinc Protoporphyrin

T1339615442-64-5

Zinc Protoporphyrin (Zn(II)-protoporphyrin IX) is an orally active, competitive inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) that markedly attenuates the protective effects of Phloroglucinol (PG) against H2O2 and exhibits anti-cancer activity.

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Arachidonic acid

T4129506-32-1

Arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyte) is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

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Cyclic-di-GMP disodium

T369832222132-40-1

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) is a STING agonist and a second messenger in bacteria. It is involved in a variety of processes in prokaryotes, including biofilm formation, motility, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) exhibits antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, inducing increased CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest, and is a novel therapeutic agent that can be developed to prevent or treat cancer.

$139

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Docosahexaenoic Acid

T53696217-54-5

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an essential omega-3 fatty acid prevalent in the brain and retina.

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Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt

T13019864167-45-3

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is an inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHC).

$138

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Kaempferol

T2177520-18-3

Kaempferol (Robigenin) is a natural flavonoid and an inverse agonist of ERRα and ERRγ. Kaempferol has a wide range of antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral activities.

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Prostaglandin E2

T5014363-24-6

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a naturally occurring hormone involved in various physiological processes, such as smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, vasodilation and constriction, blood pressure regulation, and inflammatory regulation.

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5-Fluorouracil

T098451-21-8

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a uracil analog and inhibitor of DNA synthesis, exhibiting antitumor activity by affecting pyrimidine synthesis through thymidylate synthase inhibition; it induces apoptosis and autophagy.

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(-)-Epicatechin

T2856490-46-0

(-)-Epicatechin (Epicatechin) is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), inhibiting the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.

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12-Ketodeoxycholic acid

T140025130-29-0

12-Ketodeoxycholic acid, a bile acid and kidney metabolite, serves as a detectable marker for kidney injury [1].

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Ganoderic acid A

T6S114181907-62-2

1. Ganoderic acid A exhibits antitumor activity, mediated through its inhibitory effect on nuclear transcription factor-kappaB and activator protein-1. 2. Ganoderic acid A can induce proliferation inhibition, apoptosis and suppression of invasion in human

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Fucosterol

T818417605-67-3

Fucosterol is isolated from E. stolonifera with anti-diabetic, anti-adipogenic and anti-cancer activities. It regulates adipogenesis via modulation of PPARα and C EBPα expression.

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Heparan Sulfate

T193559050-30-0

Heparan sulfate is a natural product, a linear polysaccharide. Heparan sulfate occurs as a proteoglycan (HSPG) that is tightly attached to cell surface or extracellular matrix proteins.

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Acetyl phosphate(lithium potassium)

T521394249-01-1

Acetyl phosphate lithium potassium (Lithium potassium acetyl phosphate) is a compound involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism as well as pyruvate metabolism. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is generated from sulfoacetaldehyde, converted to acetyl-CoA and acetate via phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase respectively. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is also an intermediate in pyruvate metabolism.

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Sphingosine-1-phosphate

T2150026993-30-6

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist for S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand for GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. As an intracellular second messenger, it mobilizes Ca2+ and acts as an extracellular ligand for G-protein coupled receptors. This important lipid mediator is generated from sphingosine or other membrane phospholipids.

$299

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6PPD-Q

T784742754428-18-5

6PPD-Q (6PPD-Quinone), a contaminant present in the environment and soil, is a derivative of the tire antioxidant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), which impairs the quality of spermatozoa in mice and induces impaired male fertility.

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AFMK

T4134552450-38-1In house

AFMK (Formyl-N-acetyl-5-methoxykynurenamine) is an active metabolite of Melatonin with antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. AFMK is a modulator of apoptosis and improves the anti-tumor effect of Gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells.

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LANOSTEROL

T497079-63-0

Lanosterol (3β-Hydroxy-8,24-lanostadiene) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid which is the compound from which all steroids are derived.

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Campesterol

T4S2157474-62-4

Campesterol ((24R)-5-Ergosten-3β-ol) is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects, it and other plant sterols often decrease LDL cholesterol levels overall. Campesterol has anti-inflammatory effect, it inhibits several pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation mediators typically involved in osteoarthritis- induced cartilage degradation, also sometimes used to treat some specific prostate conditions.

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Costunolide

T2902553-21-9

Costunolide (Costus lactone) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mediates apoptosis.

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β-Aminopropionitrile

T13475151-18-8

β-Aminopropionitrile (3-Aminopropionitrile) is a selective inhibitor of lysyl oxidase.

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N1-Acetylspermidine hydrochloride

T3717034450-16-3

N1-Acetylspermidine hydrochloride, an acetyl derivative of spermidine, serves as a substrate for polyamine oxidase and selectively elevates its levels in human colorectal adenocarcinomas.

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L-Cystathionine

T10939L56-88-2In house

L-Cystathionine (Cystathionine, L-) is a key nonprotein amino acid related to metabolic conditions of sulfur-containing amino acids. L-Cystathionine can be used in studies about cardiovascular protection.

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D-Glucose-13C6

T19261110187-42-3

D-Glucose-13C6 (Dextrose-13C6) is an isotopic marker of D-Glucose, which can be used as a metabolic tracer for the study of metabolism-related diseases and metabolic processes of some substances in the body.

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Substance P

TP108733507-63-0

Substance P (Neurokinin P) (SP) is an undecapeptide (a peptide composed of a chain of 11 amino acid residues) member of the tachykinin neuropeptide family.

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4-Hydroxynonenal

T1014875899-68-2

4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) (4-HNE) is an oxidative nitrosative stress biomarker. It is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2).

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ADR-925

T2967075459-34-6

ADR-925, an active chelated iron metabolite of dexrazoxane, has the ability to protect neonatal rat cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced injury.

$1,120

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Ergothioneine

T8191497-30-3

Ergothioneine (L-(+)-Ergothioneine) is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. It is generally considered an antioxidant.

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25-Hydroxycholesterol

T47172140-46-7

25-Hydroxycholesterol is a steroid derivative that suppresses the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and so it also plays a significant role in the in vivo regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis

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Eriodictyol

T6S0232552-58-9

1. Eriodictyol (Huazhongilexone) is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. 2. Eriodictyol may possess antidiabetic properties through increasing glucose uptake and improving insulin resistance. 3. Eriodictyol may be a potential therapeutic resource for Atopic dermatitis and an adjunctive agent to control itchiness inAtopic dermatitis.

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Serotonin

TN243750-67-9

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a natural product from animals

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Calcifediol

T643019356-17-3

Calcifediol (U 32070E) is a naturally occurring product that is metabolized in the liver from vitamin D3, a VDR ligand. Calcifediol is indicated for use as a vitamin supplement for all patients with vitamin D deficiency.

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Docetaxel

T1034114977-28-5

Docetaxel (RP-56976), a semi-synthetic analog of paclitaxel, is a microtubule depolymerization inhibitor (IC50=0.2 μM) that attenuates the effects of bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression and exhibits apoptosis-inducing, anti-tumor activity.

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Acetaminophen

T0065103-90-2

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a COX inhibitor that inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 (IC50=113.7 25.8 μM). Acetaminophen has antipyretic and analgesic activity as well as weak anti-inflammatory activity.

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Cholesterol

T076057-88-5

Cholesterol (cholesteryl alcohol) is a natural product that is the major sterol in mammals and an agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). Cholesterol is widely found in the cell membranes of animals and is also used in the synthesis of several important hormones and bile acids.

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Hyaluronic acid

T37629004-61-9

Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) is a glucosaminoglycan consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine disaccharide units that is a component of connective tissue, skin, vitreous humour, umbilical cord, synovial fluid and the capsule of certain microorganisms contributing to adhesion, elasticity, and viscosity of extracellular substances.

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L-Kynurenine

T49282922-83-0

L-Kynurenine ((S)-Kynurenine) is a key intermediate in the breakdown pathway of tryptophan. L-Kynurenine is a substrate of kynureninase, KMO, and KAT associated with the suppression of antitumor immune responses. It has been shown to inhibit allogeneic T-cell proliferation and to increase malignant U87 glioma cell invasion into a collagen matrix.

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Ovalbumins

T647449006-59-1

Ovalbumins is the main protein found in egg whites. Ovalbumins have various biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, antihypertensive, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Ovalbumins are the most abundant proteins synthesized in estrogen- or progesterone- treated fallopian tubes. Ovalbumins are commonly used as markers to study hormone control of gene expression in fallopian tubes.

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N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride

T1946634450-15-2

N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride, a polyamine, can be produced in mammals through the acetylation of spermidine by spermidine spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT), followed by subsequent oxidation by [propylamine transferase].

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Hydrocortisone

T161450-23-7

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a glucocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenocortex. Hydrocortisone agonizes the glucocorticoid receptor, which promotes proteolytic metabolism, gluconeogenesis, capillary wall stabilization, and renal calcium excretion, as well as suppressing immune and inflammatory responses.

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