Calcium Channel

Thapsigargin is a natural product, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer. Thapsigargin increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration by blocking the ability of cells to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum.

Ionomycin is an calcium ionophore and an antibiotic that binds calcium ions (Ca2+). It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces conglobatus.It is used in research to raise the intracellular calcium level (Ca2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca2+ transport across biological membranes. Ionomycin promotes apoptosis and induces the activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) is an effective and selective endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor.

Levetiracetam (SIB-S1) is a relatively unique anticonvulsant that is typically used in combination with other antiepileptic medications for partial onset seizures. Levetiracetam has been linked to rare instances of serum aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase elevations during treatment and to rare cases of clinically apparent drug induced liver disease.

Nimodipine (BAY-e 9736), a 1, 4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells.

JTV-519 fumarate (K201 fumarate) is a SERCA blocker and partial agonist at the ryanodine receptor with antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects, improves sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leakage, and may be useful in the study of anxiety disorders.

Nisoldipine (BAY-k 5552) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent.

L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a natural product that is a potent reducing agent and antioxidant. L-Ascorbic acid functions in fighting bacterial infections, in detoxifying reactions, and in the formation of collagen. L-Ascorbic acid is used in the treatment of scurvy.

L-Phenylalanine (3-Phenyl-L-alanine) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of the amino acid tyrosine, acts as an antagonist at α2δ calcium channels.

Lanthanum(III) chloride is an inorganic compound which used in biochemical research to block the activity of divalent cation channels, especially calcium channels.

Levamlodipine besylate ((S)-Amlodipine Besylate (103129-82-4(free base))) , also known as S-amlodipine, is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of amlodipine, an antihypertensive and anti-anginal medication. Levamlodipine besylate belongs to the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blockers. The names S-amlodipine and levamlodipine may be used interchangeably as both substances are the same, however, with differing nomenclature. As a racemic mixture, amlodipine contains (R) and (S)-amlodipine isomers, but only (S)-amlodipine as the active moiety possesses therapeutic activity.

1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Benzene-1,2,4-triol) is a by-product of coffee bean roasting and is found in mouse, arabica coffee.1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene is a benzotriol that increases Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes.

Ethyl cinnamate has antifungal, and vasorelaxant effects. Ethyl cinnamate can lead to the damage of cell membrane system and metabolic disorder through inducing lipid peroxidation via initiating ROS overproduction. Ethyl cinnamate can inhibit the tonic contractions induced by high K+ and phenylephrine (PE) in a concentration-dependent manner, with respective IC50 values of 0.30 mM and 0.38 mM.

PD 0299685 is a potent α2δ ligand of the Ca2+ channel for the treatment of interstitial cystitis.

Clopimozide (R-29764) acts as a calcium channel antagonist and inhibits [3H] nilandipine binding.Clopimozide is a novel and orally available long-acting antischizophrenic psychostatic compound.

Darodipine (PY-108068) is a dihydropyridine type Ca+2 antagonist.

MDK-4025 is an inhibitor of the high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ current in pyramidal neurons.

Crobenetine (BIII 890 CL) Free Base is a selective NaV channel blocker that eliminates VTD-induced [Ca2+] elevation.

Ser-Ala-alloresact acetate is a sperm-activating peptide (SAP) that is released by marine invertebrate eggs and plays an important role in fertilization.

Terodiline is a seconal amine with anticholinergic and calcium antagonistic properties that blocks the hERG current (IC50: 375 nM).Terodiline is cardiotoxic and has been used in the study of disorders caused by urethral muscle instability.

SB-237376 HCl (SB-237376 hydrochloride) is a calcium and potassium channel antagonist used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Tamolarizine (Tamolarizine free base) free base is a novel calcium antagonist.

Sesamodil (SD 3211) is a novel calcium antagonist that can be used to study hypertension.

TTA-A8 is an antagonist of T-type calcium channel.

FPL-62129 is a calcium channel antagonist and a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor with vasodilator activity for the study of cardiovascular disease.

Fasudil (HA-1077) is a potent inhibitor of ROCK1, PKA, PKC, and MLCK.

McN5691 (RWJ26240) is a voltage-dependent calcium channel blocker with antihypertensive activity that can be used in the study of diseases caused by vascular smooth muscle abnormalities.

Jamaicin (AnCoA4), an isoflavone derived from the chickweed plant, is an inhibitor of the STIM1-Orai1 channel that blocks calcium influx, reduces its interaction with STIM1, and inhibits T-cell activation.

K201 (JTV-519) is a Ca2+-dependent blocker and prevents abnormal Ca(2+) leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the ischemic heart and skeletal muscle (SkM) by stabilizing the ryanodine receptors.

Calcium channel-modulator-1 is a calcium channel-modulator (IC50:0.8 μM) with specialisation to block aortic constriction.

Diproteverine HCl is a novel calcium antagonist with antianginal properties, antispasmodic and vasoactive.

CALP3 acetate is a potent Ca2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca2+-binding proteins. CALP3 acetate can functionally mimic increased [Ca2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+ channels and pumps.

Temiverine hydrochloride is a potential calcium channel antagonist with anticholinergic effects that inhibits some of the functions of atropine.

Cis-22a is a TRPV6 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.32 μM), which exhibits selectivity against related TRPV channels and calcium channels. cis-22a displays antiproliferative effects on T47D human breast cancer cells.

Iganidipine（NKY 722） is a new water-soluble Ca2+ antagonist with antihypertensive activity for research and neurological related diseases.

Upacicalcet (AJT-240) is an intraventricular calcium mimetic, a SHPT available for human hemodialysis, that inhibits excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by directly acting on parathyroid cell membrane calcium-sensitive receptors, thereby lowering blood levels of PTH.Upacicalcet is an orthosteric modulator of calcium-sensitive receptors and prevents adenine-induced secondary vascular calcification and bone disease in a rat model of adenine-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism.

SB-237376 is a calcium and potassium channel antagonist used to treat cardiac arrhythmias.

Lifarizine (RS-87476), a calcium-sodium channel antagonist, shows neuroprotective activity in a simplified rat survival model of double vessel occlusion.

Levosemotiadil（SA 3212） is a novel calcium antagonist and a very potent inhibitor of low-density lipoprotein oxidation.Levosemotiadil may be used to prevent lethal cardiac arrhythmias.

KT-362 is a calcium channel blocker with antihypertensive properties that can be used in the study of cardiovascular disease.

HA-1004 dihydrochloride is an inhibitor of PKA, PKC, cGKI, MYLK, and calcium channel protein

Monatepil maleate (AJ-2615 maleate) is an orally active Ca2+-channel and α1-adrenoceptor antagonist and non-competitive heparanoyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity.Monatepil maleate is used in studies of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Monatepil maleate is used to study hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

AY 77 (Unk-Cha-Chg-NH2) is a potent and selective PAR2 agonist. AY 77 showed selectivity for Ca2+ and ERK1/2 signaling (ec50 value of Ca2+ release was 40 nM and ec50 value of ERK1/2 phosphorylation was 2 μM). AY 77 can promote migration of human breast cancer cells in vitro.

CP-060 is a potent Ca2+ antagonist and inhibits Ca2+ overload with antioxidant and cardioprotective activities.

Cronidipine (LF 20254), a calcium channel antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of hypertension and myocardia ischemia.

Ticolubant is orally active leukotriene B4 antagonist with high affinity for the human neutrophil LTB4 receptor (Ki = 0.78 nM), blocks LTB4-induced Ca2+ migration with an IC50 of 6.6 ± 1.5 nM, and shows topical anti-inflammatory activity in a mouse model of skin inflammation.

Vatanidipine (AE0047) is a novel dihydropyridine (DHP)-type calcium channel blocker with slow-onset pharmacological actions.A slow-onset and long-lasting hypotensive action was observed in various experimental hypertensive models.

Tiapamil hydrochloride (Ro 11-1781 hydrochloride) is a calcium channel blocker with antihypertensive activity and may be used in the study of angina and cardiovascular disease.

Gallopamil (Methoxyverapamil) inhibits acid secretion in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 10.9 μM. Gallopamil is a potent antiarrhythmic and vasodilator agent. Gallopamil (Methoxyverapamil), a methoxy derivative of Verapamil, is a phenylalkylamine calcium antagonist.

Vesnarinone HCl (OPC-8212 HCl) is an orally active phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor.Vesnarinone HCl modulates calcium and potassium ions, increasing calcium flux and decreasing potassium flux.Vesnarinone HCl is a new positive inotropic compound that enhances myocardial contractility and can be be used in heart failure studies.