Niranthin is a potent anti-leishmanial agent, inhibits the relaxation activity of heterodimeric type IB topoisomerase of L. donovani and acts as a non-competitive inhibitor interacting with both subunits of the enzyme. Niranthin also exhibits anti-hepatitis B virus, antiinflammatory and antiallodynic actions.

Etoposide (VP-16-213) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor that inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA (IC50=60.3 μM). Etoposide has antitumor activity and induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Yangambin is a selective antagonist of the cardiovascular effects of platelet activating factor (PAF); it has hypotensive effect, which is probably due to a peripheral vasodilatation that involves, at least, the inhibition the Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Yangambin also has central nervous system activity.

1. Pinoresinol diglucoside (Pinoresinol Diglucopyranoside) is a putative α-glucosidase inhibiting compound. 2. Pinoresinol diglucoside is a important antihypertensive compound.

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (LGM2605) was cytoprotective in an in vitro model of iron overload-induced redox-inflammatory damage. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (25 mg kg b.w.) exerts the antihyperglycemic effect by preventing the liver from peroxidation damage through inhibition of ROS level mediated increased level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.

Pinoresinol dimethyl ether is a nonphenolic furan lignan isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia kobus with neurological activity. It stimulates upstream MAPK, PKC and PKA pathways and induces neural protrusion growth in PC12 cells.

(+)-Isolariciresinol ((+)-Cyclolariciresinol) is extracted from Radix Isatidis, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and is applicable in rheumatism studies.

Picropodophyllin (Picropodophyllin (PPP)) (PPP) is a specific IGF-1R inhibitor (IC50: 1 nM). Picropodophyllin specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and mast stem cell growth factor (KIT).

1.(-)-Licarin B (Licarine B) has anti-mycobacterial activity.

DL-Syringaresinol ( (±)-Syringaresinol) is a lignan from ginseng berries with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and weak anti-mycobacterial activities.DL-Syringaresinol can delay oxidative stress-induced skin aging through autophagy, alleviate oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain and sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting inflammatory responses. neuropathic pain and sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Asperphenamate is a fungal metabolite of Aspergillus flatiipes. The IC50s for T47D cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and HL-60 cells are 92.3 μM, 96.5 μM, and 97.9 μM. Asperphenamate shows an anticancer effect.

Galgravin has anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, it can promote neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth, protect hippocampal neurons against amyloid beta peptide (Abeta25-35)-induced cytotoxicity, and protect against neuronal death from 1-met

Veraguensin is derived from Magnolia sp.. Veraguensin inhibits bone resorption and shows high antileishmanial activity.

Pinoresinol ((+)-Pinoresinol) has antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, and fungicidal activities, it can protect pial microcirculation from I-reperfusion injury, to increase nitric oxide release and to reduce oxidative stress preserving pial blood flow distribution; it may exert pharmacologically interesting effects via modulation of the insulin-like signalling pathway in C.elegans. Pinoresinol causes an upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21(WAF1 Cip1) both at mRNA and protein levels, inhibits NF-kappaB and activating protein 1 (AP-1).

(-)-Asarinin (Eleutheroside B4) shows antibacterial activity.

Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is the methanolic extract of Liriodendron tulipifera[1].

Deoxypodophyllotoxin shows cytotoxic , antineoplastic, antitumor, insecticidal, anti-angiogenic, vascular disrupting, insecticidal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities.

1. Sesamolin and Sesamin has neuroprotective effect. 2. Sesamolin protects microglia against H2O2-induced cell injury, by inhibiting of p38 MAPK and caspase-3 activation and ROS production. 3. Sesamolin and Sesamin can significantly attenuate the excess g

Epimagnolin A is a lignan obtained from the flower buds of Magnolia fargesii, which is traditionally used in Asian medicine for treating headache and nasal congestion.

Phyllanthin is widely used as hepatoprotective and antigenotoxic and inhibit function of P-gp.

Picropodophyllone is one of the lignans from the roots of D. aurantiocaulis and D. pleianthum.

Tetrahydromagnolol can activate cannabinoid (CB) receptors.

Technical grade is a natural from Magnolia sieboldii

Paulownin, a furofuran lignan from Paulownia tomentosa,has the action of anti-inflammation,analgesia,immunity,hypoglycemia and has little toxicity.

Asatone, an active component isolated from Radix et Rhizoma Asari, has an anti-inflammatory effect via activation of NF-κB and downregulation of p-MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) pathways.

Macelignan (Anwuligan) is a lignan isolated from nutmeg with antimicrobial and anticariogenic activity against Streptococcus mutans and other streptococcus species.

Gomisin D is a natural product

Acanthoside B is a lignan with anti-inflammatory and anti-amnesic effects. Acanthoside B can be used for studies about Alzheimer's disease and lung inflammation.

1. Schisantherin B (Schizantherin-B) shows good effect in lowering the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase level of the patients suffering from chronic virus hepatitis.

1. Schisandrol B (Besigomsin) may exert neuroprotective effects by attenuating the microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response via inhibiting the TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. 2. Schisandrol B has anti-inflammatory property, potentially result from the inhibition of COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α and NO through the down-regulation of RIP2 and NF-κB activation. 3. Schisandrol B induces marked protective effects against hepatic and renal injury induced by CCl(4) exposure through differential regulation of the MAPK signal transduction pathway. 4. Schisandrol B significantly inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, due to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase with the downregulation of cyclin D1 expression and Retinoblastoma (RB) phosphorylation.

Trachelogenin ((-)-Trachelogenin), isolated from Combretum fruticosum, is an HCV entry inhibitor with anti-proliferative effects. Its mechanism is related to affecting the phosphorylation of key proteins such as β-Catenin, c-Myc and GSK3 in the β-Catenin signaling pathway. chemical and concentration-dependent. Trachelogenin has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with IC50 of 0.325 and 0.259 μg mL in HCVcc and HCVpp models, respectively.

L-asarinin ((-)-Episesamin) reduces peripheral blood concentration of IL-12 and inhibits the expression of CXCR3 and TLR4, which means Asarinin may have a role on the TLR4 pathway and produce prolongation of allograft heart survival.

1. Phillyrin, (+)-Phillygenin (Sylvatesmin), and (-)-phillygenin exert the strongest inhibitory activities on NO production with IC(5) values.

Kadsurin has anti-oxidant activity, it induces enzymes capable of scavenging oxygen radical species in the liver. Kadsurin may be valuable antitumor promoters or chemopreventors.

Secoisolariciresinol is an enterolignan precursor, it has antioxidant, and estrogen-like activities, it can significantly suppress triglyceride (TG) accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

1. Dehydrodiisoeugenol has anti-inflammatory activity. (1). Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibited the expression of the COX-2 in RAW264.7 murine macrophages stimulated with LPS. (2). Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation-dependent proteolys

Gomisin N, isolated from Schisandra chinensis, exhibits sedative and hypnotic bioactivity. It has potential applications in allergy treatment and inhibits proliferation while inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.

Eudesmin shows antiinflammatory, neuritogenic, anticonvulsant and sedative effects, the mechanism of eudesmin may be related to up-regulation of GABAA and GAD65 expressions, and anti-apoptosis of neuron the in brain.50 microM (+)-eudesmin can induce neurite outgrowth and enhance nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells by stimulating up-stream MAPK, PKC and PKA pathways.

Syringaresinol diglucoside (Syringaresinol-di-O-glucoside) protects the animals from the stress-induced decreases in sex behaviours and in rectal temperature, the stress-induced failure of retrieval of memory, and the stress-induced enlargement of adrenal gland.

(-)-Syringaresinol (DL-Syringaresinol) is derived from the stems of Annona Montana. (-)-Syringaresinol inhibits the proliferation of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells through G1 arrest and induction of apoptosis and possesses anti-cancer activity.

Magnolin reduces the renal oxidative stress, suppresses caspase-3 activity, and increases Bcl-2 expression in vivo and in vitro. Magnolin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.

Picropodophyllotoxin (AXL 1717) is a cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Picropodophyllotoxin (AXL 1717) specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and mast stem cell growth factor (KIT). This agent shows potent activity in the suppression o f tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in the growth and survival of many types of cancer cells.

(-)-Pinoresinol is isolated from the whole plant of Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb.

Matairesinol is a phytolignan found in a variety of foods such as seeds, vegetables and fruits.Matairesinol has a variety of biological functions including anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer and anti-fungal activities; the anti-osteoporotic activity of matairesinol may derive from its anti-osteoclastic potential through p38 ERK-NFATc1 signaling , rather than through an anti-resorptive effect.

Angeloylgomisin H shows moderate cytotoxic activities with IC50 values ranging from 100 to 200 ug mL against MCF7, HEK293 and CAL27 cell lines.

(S,S)-Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ((S,S)-SDG) is a lignan present in flaxseed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial and neuroprotective properties and can be used in the study of obesity, arthritis and osteoporosis.

Gomisin G is a natural compound and exhibits potent anti-HIV activity (EC50: 0.006 μg mL; therapeutic index: 300). It is a good substrate of CYP2C9.

(-)-Denudatin B (Denudatin B) is derived from Magnolia fargesii. (-)-Denudatin B has nonspecific antiplatelet action at high concentration by inhibiting phosphoinositides breakdown induced by collagen and thrombin.