Hypericin (Cyclosan) is a natural anthraquinone compound, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, which inhibits PKC, MAO, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, reverse transcriptase, telomerase, and CYP, etc. Hypericin exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, and antidepressant activities.

Hypocrellin A is a natural PKC inhibitor with light-induced antitumor, antifungal and antiviral activities and also exerts immunomodulatory effects on MHC-restricted antigen presentation.

Emodin (Frangula emodin) is a naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and barks of numerous plants; exerts antiproliferative effects in Y cells that are regulated by different signaling pathways.

Xanthopurpurin shows antiviral activity. Xanthopurpurin can effectively inhibit rotavirus multiplication by promoting virus-induced apoptosis in MA-104 cells. Xanthopurpurin shows mainly strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation.

Chrysoobtusin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyanthraquinones.

1. Obtusifolin has antioxidant properties and improves chemically induced diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress. 2. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-mediated bone resorption, thus may be a novel anti-breast-cancer bone me

Sennoside C is an anthraquinone glycoside extracted from leaves and pods of Senna and has an auxiliary effect on the laxative effect of mice.

Diacerein (Fisiodar) is a prodrug which is metabolized to rhein. It is currently approved in France for the treatment of osteoarthritis although the use of diacerein is restricted due to the side effects including sevre diarrhea [L780]. Diacerein is under investigation for the treatment of Insulin Resistance, Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2), and Diabetes-Related Complications.

ALOIN Inhibits Interleukin (IL)-1β-Stimulated IL-8 Production in KB Cells.

Obtusin is a natural product.

Rubiadin-1-methyl ether (Rubiadin 1-methyl ether) is a natural product.It inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption via inhibition on the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the degradation of IκBα as well as decrease in the nuclear translocation of p65.

Sennoside D is an anthraquinone glycoside extracted from leaves and pods of Cassia angustifolia.

2-(Hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone exhibits strong activity against Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 at 0.01 mg disc.

Purpurin (Verantin) was a reversible and competitive inhibitor of MAO-A with a Ki value of 0.422μM. it exhibits anti-angiogenic, antifungal, antibiotic, and antioxidative activities.

3-hydroxymorindone is a natural product from Morinda citrifolia. 3-hydroxymorindone is a pigment.

HYPOCRELLIN B are photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc. Hypocrellin B causes DNA strand breakage, induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, and inhibits proliferation of Staphylococcus by increasing ROS levels, and damaging cell

Carminic acid, the well-known red dyestuff from cochineal insects (Dactylopius spp.), is a potent feeding deterrent to ants. Carminic acid is an antioxidant to protect erythrocytes and DNA against radical-induced oxidation, it also has antitumor activity.

Rubiadin (1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthracene-9,10-Dione) possesses potent antioxidant property, it can prevent lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO4 and t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) in a dose dependent manner.

D-Arabitol is a polyol that can lead to neurotoxicity when accumulated in the body.

Quinizarin (1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) is a natural product

2-Hydroxyanthraquinone is an anthraquinone that has been found inSpermacoce latifoliaand has antibacterial and estrogenic activities.1,2It is active againstB. subtilisandB. cereus(MICs = 1.9 and 62.5 μg ml, respectively).12-Hydroxyanthraquinone (19 μM) induces estrogen receptor α (ERα) activation in a yeast two-hybrid assay.2 1.Luo, Y., Shen, H.-Y., Shen, Q.-X., et al.A new anthraquinone and a new naphthoquinone from the whole plant of Spermacoce latifoliJ. Asian Nat. Prod. Res.19(9)869-876(2017) 2.Kurihara, R., Shiraishi, F., Tanaka, N., et al.Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese watersEnviron. Toxicol. Chem.24(8)1984-1993(2005)

Physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Physcion 8-O-beta-D-monoglucoside) has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside can be used in studies about common malignancy cancer.

Tectoquinone exhibits strong mosquito larvicidal activity.

Aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Aloe-emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) exhibits moderate bioactivity against human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) in vitro.

1. Biotransformation of glucoAurantio-obtusin towards Aurantio-obtusin increased the toxicity of irinotecan through increased inhibition of SN-38 glucuronidation. 2. Aurantio-obtusin, stimulated chemotactic migration of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells in a conc

Aurantio-obtusin β-D-glucoside (Aurantio-obtusin beta-D-glucoside) is a natural product originated from the enzymatic cleavage of its glucoside glucoaurantio-obtusin.

1-Hydroxyanthraquinone is an anthraquinone that has been found in Morinda officinalis and has genotoxic and carcinogenic activities. 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone generates strong DNA repair response.

Pachybasin is an anthraquinone fungal metabolite. Pachybasin shows antimicrobial activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, M. luteus, S. cerevisiae, C. albicans, A. niger, and A. flavus, with MIC values of 64.0 μg mL, and against S. aureus and F. oxysporum with MIC values of 32.0 and 16.0 μg mL respectively.

Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) is an isomer of aloin.1. The extract of A. vera and its active ingredient aloin cause melanin aggregation leading to skin lightening via alpha adrenergic receptor stimulation, the result opens new vistas for the use of A. vera regarding its clinical application as a new nontoxic melanolytic agent for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. 2. Dietary supplementation of aloe components (aloin, aloesin and aloe-gel) can ameliorate intestinal inflammatory responses in a 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis rat model, in particular, aloesin is the most potent inhibitor.

Chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside and chrysophanol have mild cytotoxicity and anti-diabetic properties and can play metabolic roles in the insulin-stimulated glucose transport pathway

Dihydrolapachenole (6-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene) can be isolated from T. chrysantha.