Se-Methylselenocysteine (Se-MSC) is a potent chemopreventive agent in many test systems and has been shown to inhibit tumor promotion and induce apoptosis.

Ibotenic acid (RS-42358-197) has agonist activity at both the NMDA and trans-ACPD or metabotropic quisqualate receptors.

S-Allylmercaptocysteine HCl is an organosulfur compound isolated from aged garlic with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antitumor activities.S-Allylmercaptocysteine HCl inhibits inflammation in COPD and targets Nrf2 in osteoarthritis therapy through the NOX4 NF-kappaB pathway. Targeting Nrf2.

L-Serine (serine) is a non-essential amino acid in humans, L-Serine is present and functionally important in many proteins.L-Serine is also found at the active site of the serine protease enzyme class that includes trypsin and chymotrypsin.

1. L-Arginine (L-Arg) exhibits anti-atherosclerotic effect. 2. L-Arginine and soy enriched diet are effective in prevention of osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. 3. Exogenous L-Arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway. 4. A combination of oral L-citrulline and L-Arginine effectively and rapidly augments NO-dependent responses at the acute stage.

L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is not considered one of the 20 amino acids, L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is a sulfur-containing derivative obtained from oxidation of cysteine amino acid thiol side chains. It functions as an antioxidant and protects tissues against radiation and pollution, slowing the aging process. It also aids protein synthesis. L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is abundant in many proteins of skeletal tissues and skin, and found in insulin and digestive enzymes chromotrypsinogen A, papain, and trypsinogen.

L-Leucine ((S)-Leucine) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), L-Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. L-Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. L-Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. L-Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare.

L-Cysteine (L-(+)-Cysteine) is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans. L-Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, L-Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, L-Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin.

Cyclo(Pro-Leu) (Cyclo-L-prolyl-L-leucine) is a marine-derived natural product with brine shrimp lethality.

glycine (2-Aminoacetic acid) is a non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.

L-Threonine (threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans，an important amino acid for the nervous system,L-Threonine also plays an important role in porphyrin and fat metabolism and prevents fat buildup in the liver. Useful with intestinal disorders and indigestion, threonine has also been used to alleviate anxiety and mild depression.

L-Asparagine (Asparamide) is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase.

L-Proline (proline) is a nonessential amino acid in humans. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. It also helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles.

L-Histidine (L-(-)-Histidine) is a semi-essential amino acid (children should obtain it from food) needed in humans for growth and tissue repair, L-Histidine is important for maintenance of myelin sheaths that protect nerve cells and is metabolized to the neurotransmitter histamine. Histamines play many roles in immunity, gastric secretion, and sexual functions. L-Histidine is also required for blood cell manufacture and protects tissues against damage caused by radiation and heavy metals.

L-Hydroxyproline (L-Hydroxyprolin) is one of the hydroxyproline (Hyp) isomers. L-Hydroxyproline is a useful chiral building block in the production of many pharmaceuticals.

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

L-Cysteine hydrochloride (L-Cysteine HCl) is a conditionally essential amino acid,L-Cysteine hydrochloride suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans

Cyclo(Pro-Val) (Cyclo(prolylvalyl)) is obtained from the marine fungus and shows moderate antifungal and weak antitumor activities. Cyclo(Pro-Val) inhibits the growth of Bacillus subtilis with MIC of 0.8 g/L.

A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.

L-Lysine hydrochloride, an essential amino acid for humans, offers numerous benefits including the treatment of herpes, reduction of diabetes-related illnesses, enhanced calcium absorption, and improved gut health.

L-Aspartic acid (Aspatofort) is a non-essential amino acid in humans, L-Aspartic acid has an overall negative charge and plays an important role in the synthesis of other amino acids and in the citric acid and urea cycles. Asparagine, arginine, lysine, methionine, isoleucine, and some nucleotides are synthesized from aspartic acid. L-Aspartic acid also serves as a neurotransmitter.

Cyclo(L-Phe-trans-4-hydroxy-L-Pro) (Cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline)) is a natural product found in Phellinus igniarius.

L-Ornithine hydrochloride ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) has an antifatigue effect by increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia. It is one of the key reactants in the urea cycle.

Djenkolic Acid (S,S'-Methylenebiscysteine) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid extracted from djenkol beans(Archidendron pauciflorum), which is native to Southeast Asia. It is an uncommon but important cause of acute kidney injury in human.

DL-Methionine (Acimetion) is an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks that our bodies use to make proteins. DL-Methionine is found in meat, fish, and dairy products. It plays an important role in the many functions within the body.

(2S,3R,4S)-4-Hydroxyisoleucine (Hydroxyisoleucine) from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds is a potential insulinotropic (anti-diabetic) and anti-obesity amino acid that stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic cells, activates insulin receptor substrate-associated phosphoinositide 3 (PI3) kinase activity, and reduces plasma levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol.

4-Aminohippuric Acid is the glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.

DL-Arginine is deployed in the study of amino acid complexation dynamics and the formation of crystal structures.

AC-PHE-OME (Methyl N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninate) is a marine derived natural products found in Family Jaspidae.