PF-07247685, a potent BCKDC kinase (BDK) inhibitor (EC 50 = 2.2 nM), enhances the binding between BDK and the BCKDH E2 core subunit to block E1 phosphorylation. BDK regulation is crucial for BCKDH activity, which manages the rate-limiting step in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Dysfunctional BCAA metabolism is linked to various cardiometabolic disorders such as heart failure (HF), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity. PF-07247685 has demonstrated an ability to improve cardiometabolic parameters and glucose tolerance in mice [1].

Octopamine hydrochloride ((±)-p-Octopamine hydrochlorid) is a biogenic monoamine structurally associated with noradrenaline. It can serve as a neurohormone, a neurotransmitter, and a neuromodulator in invertebrates.

Xanthosine is produced by guanine-free mutants of bacteria e.g. Bacillus subtilis, Aerobacter aerogenes. Xanthosine monophosphate is an intermediate in purine metabolism, formed from IMP, and forming GMP.

Garcinol also inhibits histone acetyltransferases (HATs, IC50= 7 μM) and p300/CPB-associated factor (PCAF, IC50 = 5 μM). Garcinol has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity. Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone harvested from Garcinia indica, exerts anti-cholinesterase properties towards acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50s of 0.66 μM and 7.39 μM, respectively.

2-Deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucose sodium (GlcN-2S) is possible to effect reaction at arthritis.