Bindarit is a selective inhibitor of monocyte chemoattractant proteins MCP-1 CCL2, MCP-3 CCL7 and MCP-2 CCL8 with anti-inflammatory effects. Bindarit specifically inhibits p65- and p65 p50-induced MCP-1 promoter activation and has no effect on other tested activated promoters.

SAH (SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine)) is an inhibitor for the METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer complex (METTL3-14, IC50: 0.9 μM).

Salinomycin (Procoxacin), a polyether potassium ionophore antibiotic, specifically inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria, acts as a potent inhibitor of Wnt β-catenin signaling by blocking Wnt-induced LRP6 phosphorylation, and demonstrates selective activity against human cancer stem cells.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate (Ademetionine disulfate tosylate) is the disulfate-tosylate mixed salt comprising diastereoisomers of ademetionine ions. Ademetionine exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and has been utilized in the treatment of chronic liver disease.

Formiminoglutamic acid (NSC 334078) is a biomarker for formylaminoglutaminuria, an indicator of folate deficiency.

Sapienic acid sodium is a fatty acid with variable antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria found on the skin and in the oral cavity.

antcin A is a steroid-like phytochemical isolated from the fruiting bodies of a precious edible mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea with strong anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.

5-Aminosalicylic Acid (5-ASA) is an anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE.

cis-Vaccenic acid (Asclepic acid) is the antiviral extract from Rhodopseudomonas capsulate and the predominant active component of Rhodopseudomonas capsulate. cis-Vaccenic acid acts a potential fetal hemoglobin inducer.

Myristoleic acid (9-Tetradecenoic acid) is a cytotoxic component in the extract from Serenoa repens. Myristoleic acid induces apoptosis and necrosis in human prostatic LNCaP cells.

Gondoic acid (cis-11-Eicosenoicacid) (cis-11-Eicosenoic acid) is a monounsaturated long-chain fatty acid that can be found in various plant oils and nuts [1].

Sodium citrate dihydrate (Trisodium citrate dihydrate) is an anticoagulant, and also used as a buffer and food preservatives.

Adipic acid is a precursor for the production of nylon.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate (5'-AMP) , also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-.

2-Isopropylmalic acid (α-Isopropylmalate) inhibits excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and stress kinase activation in PM2. 5-treated dermal fibroblasts, promotes primary ciliogenesis and restores PM2. 5-induced primary ciliogenesis hypoplasia in dermal fibroblasts.

Nalidixic acid (NSC-82174) is a synthetic 1, 8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA GYRASE.

3-hydroxydecanoic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid. It has a role as an antimitotic and an Escherichia coli metabolite.

Meglutol (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid) is an antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

Lignoceric Acid (tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid and a by-product of lignin production, which is synthesized in the developing brain.

Mevalonic acid lithium salt (MVA lithium salt) is a precursor of the mevalonic acid pathway, an initiator of cell growth, a key substance in cholesterol synthesis, and stimulates DNA synthesis, morphology transformation, and cell cycling in human lymphocytes from peripheral blood.

dCMP disodium (2'-Deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate disodium) is a nucleotide that is widely found in cells and is one of the important intermediates in DNA synthesis and repair. dCMP disodium (2'-Deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate disodium) is an inhibitor of the DNA synthesis and repair process.

cis-L-Hydroxyproline inhibits the synthesis and extracellular deposition of collagen. The growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells induced by the Hyp isomer could be due to endoplasmatic reticulum stress.

Humic acid is a compound formed by microbial decomposition of plant and animal remains and is widely found in mountains, rivers and lakes.Humic acid enhances the degradation of pyrene by Mycobacterium smegmatis NJS-1.Humic acid inhibits the formation of Microcystis aeruginosa colonies at high iron levels.

3-Phenyllactic acid (PhLA) is a broad spectrum antimicrobial compound active against bacteria and fungi, DL-3-Phenyllactic acid (3-Phenyllactic acid) is a reagent involved in biological studies of nantioselectivity of lipase in transesterification and oxidation by glycolate oxidase and catalase.

DL-Homocystine is a mutagen secreted by F. nucleatum.

2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-diphosphate trisodium (dCDP) is used as a substrate of CDP (nucleoside diphosphate) kinase (2.7.4.6) for the production of dCTP to support DNA biosynthesis and reverse transcription.

2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is a metabolic marker of methylmalonic acidemia that induces mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) and reduces ATP production in brain mitochondria.

Ethoxyacetic acid [is an endogenous metabolite] of ethylene glycol (monoethyl ether acetate).

Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is a flavouring ingredien

D-(+)-Malic acid ((R)-Malic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers). The malate anion is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.

4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and a metabolite of 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol.

7-Chlorokynurenic acid (7-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-carboxyquinoline) is an effecitve and selective antagonist of NMDA receptor with IC50 of 0.56 μM for the glycine B coagonist site. 7-Chlorokynurenic acid inhibits the reuptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles with a Ki of 0.59 μM and shows antinociceptive actions after neuraxial delivery.

2-Hydroxyadipic acid (2-hydroxyhexanedioic acid) is an organic acid formed by the reduction of 2-ketoadipic acid.

L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ((2S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid) is a toxic proline analogue produced by members of the Liliaceae and Agavaciae families.

Tetradecanedioic acid (Tetradecanedicarboxylate) is a long-chain fatty acid that is a type of endogenous metabolite. It can serve as a candidate biomarker for drug-drug interactions mediated by organic anion transporting peptides.

Hygric acid (N-Methyl-L-proline) is a proline analogue found in citrus juices and bergamot juice.

H-HomoArg-OH.HCl (L-Homoarginine hydrochloride) is a specific inhibitor of liver-type alkaline phosphatase.

N-Acetylhistamine (N-Omega-acetylhistamine) is a metabolite of histamine.

DL-Norvaline (2-Aminopentanoic acid) is a non-competitive inhibitor of arginase.

Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate (Lithium citrate tribasic tetrahydrate) , the active component of Lithium, is a medicine used in the therapy of psychiatric disease. It has shown the effects of signaling pathways and metabolic in the brain based on the particular disease and clinical condition model. According to the reports, Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate was used as a mood stabilizer when treating bipolar mood disorders (BD) and lower the risk of self-harm in BD patient. In addition,Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate has been the choice drug in the therapy of acute manic episodes.Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate also could dissolve uric acid crystals in urine achieved from patients with gout. Besides,Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate have some dose-dependent side-effects. The the main side-effects of Lithium Citrate is the tendency to inhibit the prostatic acid phosphatase enzyme (PAP), which result in the accumulation of PAP.

10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt (Zinc undecylenate), a synthetic or natural fungistatic fatty acid, is used topically in creams against eczemas, fungal infections, ringworm, and other cutaneous conditions. The zinc offers an astringent action.

2-Phenylbutanoic acid (2-Phenylbutyric acid) is used as an industrial intermediate.

Glycyl-L-leucine (Gly-Leu) is a substrate for the assay of glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase.

Phenylalanylalanine (H-Phe-Ala-OH) is a dipeptide composed of phenylalanine and alanine, produced during incomplete protein digestion or catabolism [1].

(-)-Camphoric acid (L-Camphoric acid) is a less active enantiomer of Camphoric acid which induces GluR expression.

3-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid, a constituent of Piper retrofractum and Piper longum, is found in herbs and spices.

Quinaldic acid is an endogenous metabolite.Quinaldic acid is a metal chelator.

2-Hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoic acid (6-Methoxysalicylic acid) may be employed as internal standard for the determination of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA) and its major metabolite, salicylic acid (SA),and exhibits significant analgesic effects