Pyroptosis

Disulfiram (TETD) is an inhibitor of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH, inhibiting hALDH1 and hALDH2 (IC50=0.15 1.45 μM) with specificity. Disulfiram is acutely sensitized to alcohol and also inhibits GSDMD pore formation.

Ac-YVAD-CMK (Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-CMK) is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of Caspase-1 and inhibits pyroptosis, IL-1β and IL-18. Ac-YVAD-CMK shows neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory capacity.

LDC7559 inhibits gasdermin D (GSDMD) by blocking neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) at late stage.

Apilimod 2HCl (STA 5326 2HCl) is a PIKFYVE kinase inhibitor that promotes NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle activation, IL-1β secretion, and cellular pyroptosis, and is used in the study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

1. Polyphyllin VI has hemostasis , expectorant , bacteriostasis, anticytotoxic, anti pregnancy kill sperm effects.

Morroniside would act as a regulator of hepatic inflammatory reactions and lipid metabolism in db db mice. It exhibits protective effects against diabetic renal damage and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, by inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative s

Ac-FEID-CMK TFA is a selective zebrafish GSDMEb-derived peptide inhibitor that reduces mortality and renal injury in infectious shock. It inhibits pyroptosis in vivo, attenuates septic AKI (acute kidney injury), and inhibits the caspy2-mediated atypical inflammatory vesicle pathway.

Caspase-3 activator 1 (compound 4b), a Ru(III) metal complex, effectively inhibits gastric tumor growth and metastasis by mediating caspase-3 cleavage, enabling Caspase-3 to process gasdermin E (GSDME), resulting in GSDME-N terminus production and perforation of the gastric tumor cell membrane. Furthermore, compound 4b induces pyroptosis and subsequent immune responses and can be incorporated with decitabine (DCT) into the 4b-DCT-Lip lipid delivery system [1].

CIB-1476, a caspase-1 inhibitor, effectively reduces joint swelling in mouse models of arthritis and demonstrates lasting anti-inflammatory effects. This compound achieves its benefits by blocking IL-1β production, NF-κB activation, and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis, all of which are triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome.

ICy-Q, a near-infrared (NIR) reagent activated by quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), interacts with NQO-1 to yield the reduced product ICy-OH. This derivative selectively triggers pyroptosis and resultant death in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, ICy-Q serves as a valuable instrument for the expedited and precise diagnosis of intraoperative pathological sections [1].