ATP dipotassium (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate dipotassium) is a vital compound involved in energy storage and metabolism within living organisms, supplying metabolic energy for driving pumps and acting as a coenzyme in cellular processes, while also functioning as a significant endogenous signaling molecule contributing to immunity and inflammation.

Co-treatment of ATP dipotassium (5 mM; 1 hour) with LPS (1 µg/mL) synergistically activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs[3]. Additionally, ATP dipotassium (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) facilitates the secretion of IL-1β, KC, and MIP-2 from BMDMs through a mechanism dependent on caspase-1 activation[4]. Furthermore, ATP dipotassium enhances neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro[4].

ATP dipotassium (50 mg/kg; i.p.) exhibits protective effects against bacterial (E. coli) infection in four-week-old Kunming mice (18-22 g) by inducing IL-1β, KC, and MIP-2 secretion and recruiting neutrophils in vivo[4]. Administered via intraperitoneal injection at 50 mg/kg prior to E. coli challenge, it effectively safeguards mice from bacterial invasion[4].