Benfluralin, a pre-emergence herbicide and agrochemical, is utilized for controlling grass and various weed species in both food and non-food crop applications.

A review of the toxicology database provides evidence that the mode of action (MOA) of benfluralin responsible for hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma in rodents depends on activation of the constitutive androstane (CAR)/pregnane X (PXR) receptors, that triggers enzyme induction and altered gene expression leading to hepatocyte proliferation[1].