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2-PMPA

Catalog No. T3440 CAS 173039-10-6

Synonyms: 2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid

2-PMPA (2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid) is a potent and selective inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) (IC50=300 pM).

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2-PMPA, CAS 173039-10-6

Pack Size	Availability	Price/USD
5 mg	In stock	$ 61.00
10 mg	In stock	$ 94.00
25 mg	In stock	$ 189.00
50 mg	In stock	$ 273.00
100 mg	In stock	$ 453.00

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Purity: 98%

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Description	2-PMPA (2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid) is a potent and selective inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) (IC50=300 pM).
Targets&IC50	GCP II:300 pM
In vitro	2-PMPA acts as a potent, selective inhibitor of the enzyme GCPII, which breaks down the prevalent neuropeptide N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) into N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glutamate. It has shown considerable effectiveness across various animal models of neurological disease. Despite its high polarity and multiple negative charges which pose analytical challenges in biological matrices[1], 2-PMPA notably mitigates the reduction in cell viability and elevation in LDH levels induced by ketamine in mixed cultures, an effect not observed in neuronal cultures[2].
In vivo	Administering 100 mg/kg of 2-PMPA intraperitoneally achieves a peak plasma concentration of 275 μg/mL at 0.25 hours, with pharmacokinetic parameters including a half-life of 0.64 hours, an area under the curve (AUC) of 210 μg×h/mL, an apparent clearance of 7.93 mL/min/kg, and a volume of distribution of 0.44 L/kg[1]. At a dosage of 250 mg/kg in anesthetized mice, 2-PMPA causes an initial increase followed by a rapid decrease and significant attenuation of BOLD signals in gray matter, with its impact on T2* brain signals at dosages of 167 and 250 mg/kg characterized by a notable initial rise lasting several minutes[3]. 2-PMPA shows neuroprotective effects in stroke animal models and anti-allodynic properties in the CCI model. Furthermore, its administration at 50 mg/kg leads to a peak plasma concentration of approximately 29.66±8.1 μM, which is vastly above the threshold needed for inhibiting NAAG peptidase, indicating exceptional brain penetration. This dosage also results in a continuous increase in extracellular NAAG levels starting immediately after administration[4].
Cell Research	Neuronal cultures and neuron–glia mixed cultures are treated with ketamine diluted in the culture medium (1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000, 2000, 3000 μM) for 24 h to compare neurotoxicity in these two different cell cultures. 2-PMPA is selected to explore the protective effect on ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in these two different cell cultures. Cells are exposed to 2-PMPA (20, 50, 100 μM) half an hour before 10 μM ketamine treatment in neuronal cultures and 2 mM ketamine treatment in neuron–glia mixed cultures for 24 h. Different doses of ketamine chosen in neuronal cultures and neuron–glia mixed cultures are based on the results of cell viability tests[2].

Synonyms	2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid
Molecular Weight	226.12
Formula	C6H11O7P
CAS No.	173039-10-6

Storage

Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year

Solubility Information

H2O: 28 mg/mL (123.83 mM)

References and Literature

1. Rais R, et al. Bioanalytical method for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of the GCP-II inhibitor 2-phosphonomethyl pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2014 Jan;88:162-9. 2. Zuo D, et al. Existence of glia mitigated ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in neuron-glia mixed cultures of neonatal rat cortex and the glia-mediated protective effect of 2-PMPA. Neurotoxicology. 2014 Sep;44:218-30. 3. Baslow MH, et al. 2-PMPA, a NAAG peptidase inhibitor, attenuates magnetic resonance BOLD signals in brain of anesthetized mice: evidence of a link between neuron NAAG release and hyperemia. J Mol Neurosci. 2005;26(1):1-15. 4. Nagel J, et al. Effects of NAAG peptidase inhibitor 2-PMPA in model chronic pain-relation to brain concentration. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Dec;51(7-8):1163-71.

Related compound libraries

This product is contained In the following compound libraries：

Inhibitor Library Anti-Diabetic Compound Library Metabolism Compound Library Human Metabolite Library ReFRAME Related Library NO PAINS Compound Library Anti-Metabolism Disease Compound Library Bioactive Compounds Library Max Bioactive Compound Library Preclinical Compound Library

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Keywords

2-PMPA 173039-10-6 Proteases/Proteasome Carboxypeptidase 2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid inhibit Inhibitor 2PMPA 2 PMPA inhibitor

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