Edaravone (MCI-186) is a potent new free radical scavenger used for the therapy of patients with acute brain infarction.

Sodium 4-aminosalicylate dihydrate (4-Amino-salicylic acid sodium salt) is the sodium salt form of aminosalicylic acid, an analog of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with antitubercular activity. Sodium 4-aminosalicylate dihydrate exerts its bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by competing with PABA for enzymes involved in folate synthesis, thereby suppressing growth and reproduction of M. tuberculosis, eventually leading to cell death.

Rebamipide (OPC12759) is a quinolinone derivative with anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities. Rebamipide induces cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) synthesis which results in an increase in endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in the gastric mucosa. This agent also inhibits H. pylori-induced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and subsequent inflammation of the gastric mucosa. In addition, rebamipide scavenges oxygen-derived free radicals that potentially cause mucosal injury, and stimulates prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene expression followed by mucous secretion, thereby enhancing the gastric mucosal defense.

Echinatin (Retrochalcone) is extracted from licorice and is a natural chalcone. Echinatin has a wide range of biological activities including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial infections, and attenuates lung damage.