Myricetin (Cannabiscetin) is a naturally-occurring flavonoid found in many grapes, berries, fruits, vegetables, herbs, as well as other plants. Walnuts are a rich dietary source. It has been shown that myricetin has antioxidant properties.

Stavudine (BMY-27857), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor analog of thymidine, has activity against HIV.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a uracil analog, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. 5-Fluorouracil has antitumor activity and affects pyrimidine synthesis through inhibition of thymidylate synthase. 5-Fluorouracil causes apoptosis and autophagy.

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is an anhydrous glucose polymer with a molecular weight range of 4500-5500. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication by preventing viral adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is a commonly used modeling compound for inflammatory bowel disease. It can destroy the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier through the high negative charge caused by sulfate groups, leading to intestinal barrier damage, macrophage dysfunction, and bacterial flora disorder.

Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (TriButyrate), a transcriptional regulator, reversibly inhibits class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs )resulting in a global increase in gene expression, decreased cellular proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations.