Notoginsenoside R1 (Sanchinoside R1) has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulatory properties.

Geniposide is an iridoid glycoside with a variety of biological activities including neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, antiproliferative, and antioxidative activity. Geniposide has been shown to regulate Nrf2 translocation.

Dihydroergocristine mesylate (DHEC (mesylate))(DHEC mesylate) is the methanesulfonic acid salt of dihydroergocristine. It has been used as the for the symptomatic treatment of mental deterioration associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and in peripheral vascular disease. Dihydroergocristine mesylate is a inhibitor of γ-secretase (GSI), , reduces the production of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptides, binds directly to γ-secretase and Nicastrin with equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) of 25.7 nM and 9.8 μM, respectively[1]. It is also a component of ergoloid mesylate (codergocrine mesilate), a mixture of ergot alkaloid derivatives that is used as a vasodilator and has shown mild benefits in the treatment of vascular dementia. It has a role as a vasodilator agent, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a geroprotector. It contains a dihydroergocristine.

Anle138b: a novel oligomer modulator for disease-modifying therapy of neurodegenerative diseases such as prion and Parkinson's disease

Ginsenoside Re (Ginsenoside B2) may have properties that inhibit or prevent the growth of tumors.

PQM130 is a neuroprotective compound ,and is a potential anti-AD drug.

Ginsenoside Rg2 (Chikusetsusaponin I) is one of the major active components of ginseng, act as an NF-κB inhibitor.

DAPT (LY-374973) is a γ-secretase inhibitor that inhibits total Aβ and Aβ42 (IC50=115/200 nM) and is orally active. DAPT is also a Notch inhibitor. DAPT induces cell differentiation, autophagy and apoptosis.