Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) is a triterpenoid isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd that inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly improve the responsiveness of the cholinergic system, such as decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can also inhibit IL-1β-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in chondrocytes, and is used in osteoarthritis (OA) related research.

Method: Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) (1,5,10,20,30,40,50μM) was used to treat BV2 and N2a cells, and Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) (50μM) was selected to treat Aβ42 (10,30,40μM). Treated BV2 cells and observed cell viability.
RESULTS Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) has no toxicity to BV2 and N2a cells; the conditioned medium pretreated with 50 μM Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly increase the viability of N2a cells and significantly reduce the apoptosis of N2a neurons induced by Aβ42. Mortality rate. [2]

METHODS: Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) (3, 6 and 12 mg/kg, oral, 14 days), and intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (1 mg/kg, 14 days) were used to induce memory impairment. Memory-related behaviors were assessed using the Morris water maze; cholinergic and neuroinflammatory activities were measured in brain tissue; superoxide dismutase activity malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione content in the brain were measured.
RESULTS Scopolamine treatment significantly increased escape latency, reduced the number of crossovers, and shortened the time spent in the target quadrant, and Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) reversed these scopolamine-induced effects; Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) significantly Improved cholinergic system reactivity, such as reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex; Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) also showed Significantly improved neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in mice. [3]