Ampicillin (Aminobenzylpenicillin) is a semi-synthetic penicillin belonging to the β-lactam group of antibiotics. Ampicillin has bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

METHODS: E. coli was treated with Ampicillin (0.1-10 μG/mL) for 6 h. Growth was measured using a Fisher Electrophotometer.
RESULTS: No differences in E. coli growth were observed at concentrations of 0, 0.1, and 1.0 μG. 2.5, 5, and 10 μG concentrations of Ampicillin inhibited E. coli growth. [1]
METHODS: Pharyngeal cancer cells Detroit-562 were treated with Ampicillin (10-100 μM) for 72 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT.
RESULTS: The Ampicillin-treated groups at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 μM showed higher cell viability than the control cells, with values of 112%, 107% and 106%, respectively. At concentrations of 75 and 100 μM, there was a slight but not significant decrease in cell viability with values of approximately 95% and 94%, respectively. [2]

METHODS: To test the neuroprotective mechanism in a mouse model of transient total forebrain ischemia, Ampicillin (200 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 mice once a day for five days, and forebrain ischemia was induced 24 h after the last injection.
RESULTS: Pretreatment with Ampicillin significantly attenuated neuronal damage in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus, and Ampicillin may provide neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inducing GLT-1 protein and inhibiting MMP activity in the hippocampus of mice. [3]
METHODS: To study the in vivo activity, Ampicillin (10-100 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to C57BL/6 mice once daily for two days.
RESULTS: Exposure of mice to Ampicillin induced anxiety and colitis, and increased Aspergillus flora in the gut microbiota. [4]