Isotetrandrine is a small molecule inhibitor, on various aspects of LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. It dose-dependently suppresses the severity of LPS-induced ALI by inactivation of MAPK and NF-κB, which may involve the inhibition of tissue

Skullcapflavone I has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic potential, it can significantly inhibit LPS stimulated NO and PGE(2) release in J774A.1 macrophages and inhibit LPS induced IL-6 production in a concentration dependent manner. Skullcapflavone I se

Ilexgenin A is a novel pentacyclic triterpenoid, is a compound extracted from leaves of Ilex hainanensis Merr

Apilimod mesylate (STA 5326 mesylate) is a potent IL-12/IL-23 inhibitor.

Inosine pranobex (Delimmun) has a number of immunomodulatory effects, including inducing T-lymphocyte differentiation, augmenting macrophage and NK cell functions, and stimulating IL-2 production. Through these effects and others, isoprinosine shows antiviral activity and has applications against subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. It also restores depressed immune responses in Y patients after irradiation and reduces the incidence of infection in leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. It is most commonly used to treat the rare measles complication subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in conjunction with intrathecal interferon therapy.