Myristicin (Myristicine) is a natural product found in spices and umbelliferous plants. Myristicin has anti-cholinergic, Antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects, it also has anti-inflammatory properties related with its inhibition of NO, cytokines,chemokines, and growth factors in dsRNA-stimulated macrophages via the calcium pathway. Myristicin can induce Apoptosis as characterised by alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, Caspase-3 activation, PARP-cleavage and DNA fragmentation.

Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) is a NADPH-diaphorase substrate that competitively inhibits nitric oxide synthase (IC50 = 3-4 M). A well-known scavenger of superoxide anions.Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride, a substrate for dehydrogenases, is used with the alkaline phosphatase substrate BCIP in western blotting and immunohistological staining procedures.

Anti-inflammatory agent 46 (compound 7h), exhibiting nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory properties, demonstrates a high affinity for iNOS through low binding energies and effectively reduces swelling in mouse models at a dose of 10 mg/kg [1].

Methylene Blue trihydrate (Basic blue 9) is a compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene Blue trihydrate is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of methemoglobin. It also inhibits tau filament formation (IC50: 1.9μM).

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins. GSNO, an exogenous NO donor and substrate of rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebral angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses.