XYLOBIOSE ia a natural product,and exhibited therapeutic potential for treating obesity which involved suppression of fat deposition and obesity-related metabolic disorders.

Mice received a 60% high-fat diet supplemented with 15% d-xylose, 10% XYLOBIOSE, or 15% XYLOBIOSE as part of the total sucrose content of the diet for ten weeks.?Body weight, fat and liver weights, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipids levels were significantly reduced with XYLOBIOSE supplementation.?Levels of leptin and adipokine were also improved and lipogenic and adipogenic genes in mesenteric fat and liver were down-regulated with XYLOBIOSE supplementation.?Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines, fatty acid uptake, lipolysis, and β-oxidation-related gene expression levels in mesenteric fat were down-regulated with XYLOBIOSE supplementation[1].XYLOBIOSE exhibits anti-diabetic, hypolipogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects via regulation of the miR-122a/33a axis in db/db mice[2].

The mice were randomized into five groups: (a) a control group (Ctrl, n = 10) which received a diet of modified American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G (17% of the calories are from fat); (b) a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity control group (HF, n = 13) which received a HFD comprised of 60% fat; (c) a xylose 15% group (Xylo 15) which received a HFD with 15% of the total sucrose replaced with d-xylose (n = 13); (d) an XYLOBIOSE 10% group (XYLOBIOSE 10, n = 13) which received a HFD with 10% of the total sucrose replaced by XYLOBIOSE; and (e) an XYLOBIOSE 15% group (XYLOBIOSE 15, n = 12) which received a HFD with 15% of the total sucrose replaced by XYLOBIOSE. Commercially available D-xylose was included as a positive control and was administered at a dose comparable to XYLOBIOSE. The mice were maintained on these diets according to their group for ten weeks prior to sacrifice. Body weight and food intake were measured twice a week.