Euscaphic acid has anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities, it inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by interference with the clustering of TRAF6 with IRAK1 and TAK1, resulting in blocking the activation of IKK and MAPKs signal transduction

Eriocalyxin B induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells through caspase- and p53-dependent pathways, should be considered a candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment; it is a specific inhibitor of STAT3, it directly target

Citicoline sodium (CDP-choline) is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine. It also serves as a choline donor in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Citicoline sodium demonstrates protective effects in cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and memory disorders. Exogenous administration of citicoline to rodents (500 mg/kg i.p. immediately after ischemia and at 3-h reperfusion) has been shown to stimulate the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and cardiolipin and to attenuate the release of arachidonic acid and the accumulation of ceramide.

Merodantoin is an apoptosis inducer and triggers cell apoptosis associated with ROS-dependent autophagy. Merodantoin targets cancer cells expressing KRAS mutations involved in Akt-dependent ROS production.

WYE-354(IC50=5 nM) is an effective, selective and ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor. It blocks mTORC2/P-AKT(S473) and mTORC1/P-S6K(T389), not P-AKT(T308). The selectivity for mTOR is higher than PI3Kα (>100-fold) and PI3Kγ (>500-fold).