TBHQ (tert-Butylhydroquinone) is an antioxidant that induces an antioxidant response through the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2.

Nisin Z has anti-inflammatory activity and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine release by inhibiting activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, attenuating lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis through inhibition of the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

Edaravone (MCI-186) is a potent new free radical scavenger used for the therapy of patients with acute brain infarction.

Lidocaine (Alphacaine) is an amide local anesthetic with anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. It has this functions perhaps due to an attenuation of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduction of neutrophils influx.

Tauroursodeoxycholate (UR 906), also known as ursodoxicoltaurine, is a highly hydrophilic tertiary bile acid that is produced in humans at a low concentration. Tauroursodeoxycholate is the more hydrophilic form of ursodeoxycholic acid, which is the more abundant naturally produced bile acid in humans.Tauroursodeoxycholate is being investigated for use in several conditions such as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), insulin resistance, amyloidosis, Cystic Fibrosis, Cholestasis, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active component isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, suppresses the activation of ERK1/2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, (MMP)-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Astragaloside IV is a bioactive saponin first isolated from the dried plant roots of the genus Astragalus, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.1 It dose-dependently inhibits human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) in A549 cells (IC50 = 23 μM; LC50 = 865 μM).It inhibits replication of HAdV-3 and decreases HAdV-3-induced apoptosis. It has diverse protective effects for the cardiovascular, immune, digestive, and nervous systems. In particular, it reduces myocardial infarct size in dogs when administered prior to coronary ligation and reduces reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts.

Stigmasterol (Stigmasterin) is a phytosterol with major functions in the maintenance of cell membrane structure and physiology. Stigmasterol lowers cholesterol levels and has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Bovine Type II Collagen (Collagen Type II,Bovine) is a homologous superhelical structure consisting of three identical α1(II) chains, and is a major component of animal cartilage. Type II collagen has a variety of biological activities, including maintaining cartilage tissue integrity, inducing immune tolerance, and stimulating chondrocyte growth and redifferentiation.