1-Docosanol (Behenic alcohol) is a saturated 22-carbon aliphatic alcohol with antiviral activity. 1-Docosanol has a distinct mechanism of action and inhibits fusion between the plasma membrane and the herpes simplex virus envelope, thereby preventing viral entry into cells and subsequent viral activity and replication. 1-Docosanol is used topically in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis episodes and relieves associated pain and may help heal sores faster.

Chlorhexidine (Rotersept) is a biguanide compound used as an antiseptic agent with topical antibacterial activity. Chlorhexidine is positively charged and reacts with the negatively charged microbial cell surface, thereby destroying the integrity of the cell membrane. Subsequently, chlorhexidine penetrates into the cell and causes leakage of intracellular components leading to cell death. Since gram-positive bacteria are more negatively charged, they are more sensitive to this agent.

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

Clotrimazole (FB 5097), an imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity, inhibits biosynthesis of the sterol ergostol.

Fluconazole (UK-49858) is a triazole antifungal agent used to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS.