Amoxicillin (Amoxycillin) binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Amoxicillin Anhydrous is the anhydrous form of a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.

Amoxicillin was released more rapidly from phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.8 than from hydrochloric acid at pH 1.0. Amoxicillin was degraded in hydrochloric acid solution at 37°C, pH 1.0, indicating that Amoxicillin is less stable in acidic environment.Amoxicillin (≤8 mg/ml) inhibited 4 out of 15 strains.Amoxicillin (4 mg/ml) in combination with clavulanic acid (≤2 mg/ml) Amoxicillin (4 mg/ml) in combination with clavulanic acid (≤2 mg/ml) inhibited 14 out of 15 strains. In combination with cefotaxime (4 mg/ml), the IC50 of Amoxicillin on the strains was reduced from 0.5 mg/ml to 0.06 mg/ml, ranging from 0.01 to 0.25 mg/ml.Amoxicillin-treated cells secreted large amounts of IL-5, with little or no secretion of IL-4, TNFα, and interferon-gamma. Amoxicillin-specific T-cell clones did not exhibit drug-specific cytotoxicity, but were present to kill target cells at concanavalin A, suggesting that its primary capacity is cytolysis.