1. Linalool (Linalol), a natural compound of the essential oils, has been shown to have antinociceptive, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. 2. Linalool was protected against LPS/GalN-induced liver injury through induction of antioxidant defense via Nrf2 activating and reduction inflammatory response via NF-κB inhibition. 3. Linalool biosynthesis and accumulation might be involved in plant defense against bacterial and fungal pathogens and be associated with field resistance to citrus canker. 4. Linalool significantly increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes regulated by Nrf-2 and diminished lung tissue levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6.

Mephenesin (Cresoxydiol) is a centrally acting muscle relaxant with a short duration of action.

Halothane (Anestan) is a nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required.

O-Phospho-L-serine (Phosphoserine) is the phosphoric acid ester of serine.

L-Glutamic acid (Glutaminol) acts as an excitatory transmitter, shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

Urethane (Ethylurethane) was an antineoplastic agent .Now is used for other medicinal purposes.

L-Phenylalanine (3-Phenyl-L-alanine) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of the amino acid tyrosine, acts as an antagonist at α2δ calcium channels.

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt (MSG) (Monosodium glutamate) is an activator of mGlu1 receptor.