AS2863619 is an orally active inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and CDK19 (IC50s of 0.61 nM and 4.28 nM, respectively).

Minodronic acid(YM-529) is a P2X2/3 receptor antagonist with anticancer activity, directly or indirectly inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and inducing apoptosis. Minodronic acid has been shown to inhibit the metastasis of various types of cancer cells.Minodronic-acid has been used in the study of osteoporosis.

Piceatannol (Astringenin) is an anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative agent. It inhibits p56lck and syk protein tyrosine kinases and inhibits NF-κB activation and gene expression of TNF-induced. It is synthetic from the conversion of resveratrol by cytochrome P450 1B1.

Mardepodect hydrochloride (Mardepodect HCl) is an orally active, selective and potent inhibitor of PDE10A that crosses the blood-brain barrier (IC50: 0.37 nM).Mardepodect hydrochloride up-regulates the expression of proteins encoding specific growth and transcription factors, cell signalling molecules and cell surface proteins. Mardepodect hydrochloride upregulates genes encoding specific growth factors, transcription factors, cell signalling molecules, and cell surface proteins, while downregulating a broad spectrum of cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes.

Polyphyllin D induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as evidenced by decreased Bcl-2 expression levels, disruption of MMP and increased Bax, cytochrome C, and cleaved-caspase-3 levels. Polyphyllin D has an anti-angiogenic effect. Polyphyllin D has toxicity in human RBCs as well as its underlying mechanism for the hemolysis and eryptosis/erythroptosis. Polyphyllin D has strong anticancer activity, can overcome drug resistance in R-HepG2 cells and elicit programmed cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction.