1. Linalool (Linalol), a natural compound of the essential oils, has been shown to have antinociceptive, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. 2. Linalool was protected against LPS/GalN-induced liver injury through induction of antioxidant defense via Nrf2 activating and reduction inflammatory response via NF-κB inhibition. 3. Linalool biosynthesis and accumulation might be involved in plant defense against bacterial and fungal pathogens and be associated with field resistance to citrus canker. 4. Linalool significantly increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes regulated by Nrf-2 and diminished lung tissue levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6.

Cyclovirobuxine D (Bebuxine) is extracted from Buxus microphylla.

Fimepinostat (CUDC 907) is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) class I and pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CUDC-907 inhibits the activity of both PI3K class I isoforms and HDAC, thereby preventing the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway that is often overactivated in many cancer cell types.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-2 is a potent PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor.PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-2 has anticancer effects and is selective for MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 of 2.29 μM.PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-2 exhibits anticancer activity and induces cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. PI3K/Akt/mTOR-IN-2 has anticancer activity and can induce cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells.

Flurochloridone (R 40244) is a selective herbicide. Flurochloridone induces apoptosis and is regulated by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stresses.