deoxyribose

P-2'-deoxyribose (P-Nucleoside) is a deoxyribose that is widely found in organisms.

2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate disodium acts as a substrate for the enzyme 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA), which is categorized under class I aldolases. DERA efficiently facilitates the reversible aldol condensation reaction independently, without the need for any cofactors [1].

2'-Deoxycytidine is one of the major nucleosides of DNA consisting of cytosine and deoxyribose and inhibits the biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu). The nucleoside consists only of a pentose sugar attached to a purine or pyrimidine base and has no phosphate group. When N1 is attached to C1 of deoxyribose, deoxyribosides and nucleotides are formed from cytosine and deoxyribose; deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). cTP is the source of cytosine in RNA (ribonucleic acid) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is the source of deoxycytidine in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Itaconic acid is a polymer.

2'-Deoxycytidine is one of the major nucleosides of DNA consisting of cytosine and deoxyribose and inhibits the biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu). The nucleoside consists only of a pentose sugar attached to a purine or pyrimidine base and has no phosphate group. When N1 is attached to C1 of deoxyribose, deoxyribosides and nucleotides are formed from cytosine and deoxyribose; deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). cTP is the source of cytosine in RNA (ribonucleic acid) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is the source of deoxycytidine in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Itaconic acid is a polymer.

Thyminose induces apoptosis by inhibiting glutathione synthesis and increasing its efflux.

Pyrimidine (Metadiazine)s are heterocyclic, six-membered, nitrogen-containing carbon ring structures, with uracil, cytosine and thymine being the basal structures of ribose-containing nucleosides (uridine, cytidine, and thymidine respectively), or deoxyribose-containing deoxynucleosides, and their corresponding ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. Pyrimidines serve essential functions in human metabolism as ribonucleotide bases in RNA (uracil and cytosine), and as deoxyribonucleotide bases in DNA (cytosine and thymine), and are linked by phosphodiester bridges to purine nucleotides in double-stranded DNA, in both the nucleus and the mitochondria. Pyrimidine activated sugars are also involved in polysaccharide and phospholipid synthesis, glucuronidation in detoxification processes, glycosylation of proteins and lipids and in the recently identified novel endothelium-derived vasoactive dinucleotides.

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (Guanine-2'-deoxyriboside) is a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose. It is like guanosine, but with one oxygen atom removed. It is a nucleoside component of DNA. 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate can be converted to 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) due to hydroxyl radical attack at the C8 of guanine. 8-OHdG is a sensitive marker of the DNA damage This damage, if left unrepaired, has been proposed to contribute to mutagenicity and cancer promotion.

Pseudothymidine, a C-nucleoside analog of thymidine, is a modified nucleic acid component replacing the natural 2-deoxyribose sugar with a carbocyclic moiety in the thymine nucleoside structure, enhancing its stability and resistance to enzymatic degradation while maintaining the ability to participate in nucleic acid synthesis and regulatory processes.

Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase, an essential enzyme in purine metabolism, plays a critical role in the purine salvage pathway. Its deficiency impairs T cell function. With inorganic orthophosphate as a co-substrate, this enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of the glycosidic bond linking ribose and deoxyribonucleoside, resulting in the production of a purine base and ribose (deoxyribose)-1-phosphate [1].