Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.

Kallikrein-4, also known as Enamel matrix serine proteinase 1, Kallikrein-like protein 1, KLK-L1, Serine protease 17, KLK4, PRSS17, and EMSP1, is a secreted protein that belongs to the peptidase S1 family and Kallikrein subfamily. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 is a serine protease expressed during enamel maturation, and proteolytic processing of the enamel matrix by KLK4 is critical for proper enamel formation. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 contains one peptidase S1 domain. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 is secreted by transition- and maturation-stage ameloblasts. KLK4 aggressively degrades the retained organic matrix following the termination of enamel protein secretion. Two proteases are secreted into the enamel matrix of developing teeth. The early protease is enamelysin (MMP-2). The late protease is kallikrein 4 (KLK4). The principal functions of MMP-2 and KLK4 in dental enamel formation are to facilitate the orderly replacement of organic matrix with mineral, generating an enamel layer that is harder, less porous, and unstained by retained enamel proteins. Defects in Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 are the cause of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Hypomaturation type 2A1 (AI2A1) which is an autosomal recessive defect of enamel formation. The disorder involves both primary and secondary dentitions.

MMGT1 (Membrane Magnesium Transporter 1, also known as EMC5 and TMEM32) is a Protein Coding gene. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. The encoded protein belongs to the membrane magnesium transporter (TC 1.A.67) family which is a group of magnesium transporters that are part of the TOG superfamily. It mediates Mg(2+) transport. MMGT1 is described as having 335 amino acids and five TMSs with an N-terminal cleavage site and some phosphorylation sites. It is widely expressed in the thyroid, bone marrow, and other tissues. Diseases associated with MMGT1 include Cercarial Dermatitis. Among its related pathways are the Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds, and Miscellaneous transport and binding events.

Binds specifically to the neurotoxin saxitoxin. Its physiological role may be to transport or sequester an endogenous organic molecule other than Fe(3+). It may participate in a detoxification mechanism for neutralizing a microbial toxin. Saxiphilin Protein, Aquarana catesbeiana, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-6xHis-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.7 kDa and the accession number is P31226.

Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. May be an antioxidant enzyme particularly in the developing shoot and photosynthesizing leaf. 2-Cys Prx A Protein, Arabidopsis thaliana, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.4 kDa and the accession number is Q96291.

Otolin (OTOL1), also known as C1qTNF15, is an approximately 65 kDa protein found in the otoconial membrane lining the cochlea and vestibular labyrinth of the inner ear. Collagen-like protein specifically expressed in the inner ear, which provides an organic scaffold for otoconia, a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule and utricle of the ear. It associates into multimers and disulfide-linked oligomers and also associates with other otoconial proteins including and Otoconin-90 (also known as PLA2G2A, PLA2L, and phospholipase A2 homolog) and Cerebellin-1. It is extensively glycosylated and has multiple hydroxylated proline residues in the collagenous regions.

β-galactosidase is an exoglycosidase which hydrolyzes the β-glycosidic bond formed between a galactose and its organic moiety. It may also cleave fucosides and arabinosides but with much lower efficiency. β-galactosides include carbohydrates containing galactose where the glycosidic bond lies above the galactose molecule. Substrates of different β-galactosidases include ganglioside GM1, lactosylceramides, lactose, and various glycoproteins. It is an essential enzyme in the human body. Deficiencies in the protein can result in galactosialidosis or Morquio B syndrome. In E. coli, the gene of β-galactosidase, the lacZ gene, is present as part of the inducible system lac operon which is activated in the presence of lactose when glucose level is low. β-galactosidase is important for organisms as it is a key provider in the production of energy and a source of carbons through the break down of lactose to galactose and glucose.

May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids. Since the purified porcine enzyme has very little activity towards hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides the protective effect is not likely to be exerted by its enzymatic activity. Instead, may protect sperm from premature acrosome reaction in the epididymis by binding to lipid peroxides, which might otherwise interact with phospholipase A2 and induce the acrosome reaction. GPX5 Protein, Pig, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.1 kDa and the accession number is O18994.

Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase implicated in smooth muscle contraction via phosphorylation of myosin light chains (MLC). Also regulates actin-myosin interaction through a non-kinase activity. Phosphorylates PTK2B/PYK2 and myosin light-chains. Involved in the inflammatory response (e.g. apoptosis, vascular permeability, leukocyte diapedesis), cell motility and morphology, airway hyperreactivity and other activities relevant to asthma. Required for tonic airway smooth muscle contraction that is necessary for physiological and asthmatic airway resistance. Necessary for gastrointestinal motility. Implicated in the regulation of endothelial as well as vascular permeability, probably via the regulation of cytoskeletal rearrangements. In the nervous system it has been shown to control the growth initiation of astrocytic processes in culture and to participate in transmitter release at synapses formed between cultured sympathetic ganglion cells. Critical participant in signaling sequences that result in fibroblast apoptosis. Plays a role in the regulation of epithelial cell survival. Required for epithelial wound healing, especially during actomyosin ring contraction during purse-string wound closure. Mediates RhoA-dependent membrane blebbing. Triggers TRPC5 channel activity in a calcium-dependent signaling, by inducing its subcellular localization at the plasma membrane. Promotes cell migration (including tumor cells) and tumor metastasis. PTK2B/PYK2 activation by phosphorylation mediates ITGB2 activation and is thus essential to trigger neutrophil transmigration during acute lung injury (ALI). May regulate optic nerve head astrocyte migration. Probably involved in mitotic cytoskeletal regulation. Regulates tight junction probably by modulating ZO-1 exchange in the perijunctional actomyosin ring. Mediates burn-induced microvascular barrier injury; triggers endothelial contraction in the development of microvascular hyperpermeability by phosphorylating MLC. Essential for intestinal barrier dysfunction. Mediates Giardia spp.-mediated reduced epithelial barrier function during giardiasis intestinal infection via reorganization of cytoskeletal F-actin and tight junctional ZO-1. Necessary for hypotonicity-induced Ca(2+) entry and subsequent activation of volume-sensitive organic osmolyte/anion channels (VSOAC) in cervical cancer cells. Responsible for high proliferative ability of breast cancer cells through anti-apoptosis.

Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. Acts synergistically with MAP3K13 to regulate the activation of NF-kappa-B in the cytosol. TXNRD2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 25.5 kDa and the accession number is P30048.

Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Required for virulence.

Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 2 (CLIC2) is a critical component of all living cells; it regulatescellular traffic of Chloride ion and it can be inserted into membranes anf form chloride ion channels. Membrane insertion seems to be redox-regulated and may occur only under oxydizing conditions, channel activity depends on the pH. CLIC2 is involved in regulating membrane potential and organic solute transport. CLIC2 modulates the activity of RYR2 and inhibits Calcium influx. CLIC2 can be detected in the adult brain, liver, lung, heart, stomach, spleen and testis. It is expressed in fetal liver and adult skeletal muscle. CLIC2 is a potential candidate for one of many diseases linked to Xq28.

Associates with the organic matrix of bone and cartilage. Thought to act as an inhibitor of bone formation. MGP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13.5 kDa and the accession number is P08493.

May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids. Since the purified porcine enzyme has very little activity towards hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides the protective effect is not likely to be exerted by its enzymatic activity. Instead, may protect sperm from premature acrosome reaction in the epididymis by binding to lipid peroxides, which might otherwise interact with phospholipase A2 and induce the acrosome reaction. GPX5 Protein, Pig, Recombinant (E. coli, His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.6 kDa and the accession number is O18994.