c14tkl1 tfa

Pam3CSK4 TFA (Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 TFA) is an agonist of toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2) (EC50 of 0.47 ng/mL for human TLR1/2).

Jagged-1 (188-204) TFA(219127-21-6 free base) is a fragment of the JAG-1 protein. JAG-1 is Notch ligand, a peptide that is the most conspicuously expressed ligand in skin. JAG-1 induces epidermal maturation. Exposing submerged keratinocytes monolayers to JAG-1 with elevated calcium concentration produces stratification with loricrin expression and NF-alphaB activation.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate is an agonist of natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B), an endothelial-derived relaxant and growth inhibitory factor. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin.

Gastrin I (1-14), human, represents the 1-14 peptide fragment of human gastrin I, an endogenous gastrointestinal peptide hormone. This compound is the principal hormonal regulator of gastric acid secretion.

Rotigaptide TFA(355151-12-1 free base) is a novel and specific modulator of Cx43 and is a potent AAP. Rotigaptide TFA(355151-12-1 free base) prevents the uncoupling of Cx43-mediated gap junction communication and normalizes cell-to-cell communication during acute metabolic stress.

pro-asp TFA(85227-98-1 free base) (TLβ4) down-regulate skin inflammation in mouse skin.

ACTH 1-14 acetate(25696-21-3 free base) (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Fragment 1-14 acetate) is a fragment of adrenocorticotrophin, which regulates cortisol and androgen production.Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin, is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. ACTH is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as a response to biological stress.

JAG-1, scrambled TFA is a scrambled sequence of JAG-1(188-204).

Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14), porcine Acetate is a peptide with the sequence AC-ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS-PRO-PHE-HIS-LEU-LEU-VAL-TYR-SER-OH. The protein encoded by the Angiotensinogen gene is known as pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor.

Angiotensinogen (1-14), human acetate is a fragment of angiotensinogen which is a passive substrate of the renin-angiotensin system.

C-MYC PEPTIDE EPITOPE TFA, the product of the c-myc proto-oncogene, is a helix-loop-helix leucine zipper phosphoprotein that regulates gene transcription in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. This peptide is a human c-myc epitope.

Nociceptin (1-13), amide is a potent agonist Opioid receptor-like1 (ORL1) receptor with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes.

Angiotensin 1/2 (1-9)TFA is containing the amino acids 1-9 that are converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide.

740 Y-P(TFA)(1236188-16-1 free base) (740YPDGFR(TFA)) is a potent and cell-permeable activator of PI3K.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human is the 1-22 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide.

Endogenous human tachykinin-like peptide and potent agonist for NK1 receptors (EC50 = 1 nM).

NEP(1-40) TFA is a peptide antagonist of the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR), which mitigates the shift in microglial morphology distributions due to injury by attenuating myelin-derived inhibition [1].

Orexin B, human (TFA) is an endogenous agonist at Orexin receptor with Kis of 420 and 36 nM for OX1 and OX2.

TAT TFA (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) transcription reverse activator TAT, is a cell penetrating peptide.

HPV16 E7 (86-93) TFA is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2.1 restricted HPV16 E7-derived peptide.

Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine TFA, a potent agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor, elevates calcium and inorganic phosphate levels in vivo. This compound is employed in osteoporosis research [1].

Dynorphin B (1-13), a 13 amino acid, is an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide.

FSL-1 TFA, a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6) agonist derived from bacteria, bolsters resistance against experimental HSV-2 infection[1] and stimulates MMP-9 production via the TLR2 and NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathways in monocytic THP-1 cells[2].

PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, effectively enhances antral motility and somatostatin secretion, while concurrently suppressing gastrin secretion and promoting the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide, and substance P. Additionally, it amplifies N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression via RACK1 [1] [2].

Piscidin-1 (22-42) (TFA) is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides).

IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I).

Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1) (56-87), a peptide originating from the human Klotho protein, disrupts TGF-β signaling by binding to TGF-β receptor types 1 and 2 (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2; Kds = 1.41 and 14.6 µM, respectively). Preincubation with KP1 at a concentration of 10 µg/ml hinders the TGF-β-induced escalation of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels in NRK-49F rat fibroblasts. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that KP1, administered at 1 mg/kg per day, preferentially accumulates in damaged kidneys, leading to significant reductions in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, indicators of improved kidney function. Additionally, it decreases kidney fibrosis in mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced renal fibrosis.

IRL-1620 (TFA) is a potent selective endothelin receptor B (ETB) agonist with a Ki value of 16pm.

Apelin-13 is an endogenous ligand of APJ receptor, and the EC 50 value of activated G protein coupled receptor is 0.37 nM.

ACTH (1-14), a fragment of adrenocorticotropin, governs the production of cortisol and androgens.

Cortistatin-14 (TFA), a neuropeptide resembling somatostatin-14 in structure, operates through interaction with somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). This compound exhibits anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects alongside significant anti-inflammatory properties [1] [2] [3] [4].

Cortistatin-14 is a neuropeptide have structural similarity to somatostatin-14. It is produced in the cortex and hippocampus of central nervous system.

GLP-1 (1-36) amide (human, rat) TFA, a molecular variant of GLP-1 (7-36) amide, can induce [14C]aminopyrine accumulation in enzymatically dispersed enriched rat parietal cells [1].

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-39), rat (TFA) is a potent melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2) agonist.

TAT-DEF-Elk-1 TFA (TDE TFA) is a cell-penetrating peptide that inhibits Elk-1 by mimicking its DEF domain and disrupting its function. It effectively blocks Elk-1 phosphorylation and its subsequent nuclear translocation, without affecting the activation of ERK or MSK1. This compound serves as a valuable tool for investigating Elk-1's involvement in the development of neuronal plasticity [1].

Phoenixin-14 TFA (PNX-14) is a blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrable neuropeptide with anxiolytic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties. It modulates pituitary gonadotrophin release by enhancing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor mRNA expression and promotes insulin secretion. Additionally, PNX-14 TFA offers protection against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in mice and combats oxidative stress by diminishing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevating glutathione (GSH) levels [1] [2] [3].

HIF-1 alpha (556-574) TFA is a 19-residue fragment of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which serves as the master regulator of oxygen homeostasis [1].

Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA is a potent activator of the proteasome, enhancing chymotrypsin-like proteasomal catalytic activity and thereby increasing proteolytic rates both in vitro and in culture. Additionally, it inhibits protein aggregation in cellular models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [1].

Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds in the transmembrane domain of the κ-receptor.

GIP (1-30) amide (Human) TFA is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide fragment. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions.

Protein Kinase C (19-31) TFA, a peptide inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), derived from the pseudo-substrate regulatory domain of PKCa (residues 19-31) with a serine at position 25 replacing the wild-type alanine, is used as protein kinase C substrate p

LyP-1 TFA, a cyclic nine-amino-acid peptide, exhibits selective binding to p32 receptors, which are overexpressed in a variety of tumor-associated cells [1].

Grb2 SH2 Domain Inhibitor 1 TFA is a cyclic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) featuring a conformationally restricted d-pro-l-pro motif ring (AF Φ Rpprrfq), where Φ represents L-naphthylalanine, R signifies D-arginine, and P stands for D-proline. It primarily functions as a cyclic peptide inhibitor.

HCV-1 e2 Protein (554-569) TFA, an antigenic segment of the hepatitis C virus envelope 2 (e2) protein, encompasses a potential N-glycosylation site implicated in modulating immune recognition of e2 [1].

Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA, also known as Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA, is a biotin-labeled 42-amino acid peptide implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease [1].

A8SGLP-1 TFA, an orally active GLP-1 analogue, features a serine substitution for alanine at position 8. This compound effectively lowers blood glucose in db/db mice, maintaining its function [1].

Gastric inhibitory peptide 1 (GIP-1) (3-42), a fragment of the incretin hormone GIP and antagonist to the GIP receptor, is generated through the action of serum dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DDP-4). When administered at 25 nmol/kg to an ob/ob mouse diabetes model, GIP-1 (3-42) elevates plasma glucose levels and lowers plasma insulin levels, demonstrating its effect on reducing insulin secretion from BRIN-BD11 pancreatic cells at a concentration of 100 nM.

Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (1-20) (IRBP1-20), a dodecapeptide fragment of retinoid-binding protein 3, plays a crucial role in pigment regeneration by facilitating the transport of retinol and retinal between photoreceptor cells and the retinal pigment epithelium. It has been utilized to provoke autoimmune uveoretinitis in C57BL/6 mice, possessing the H-2b haplotype. Furthermore, IRBP1-20 at a concentration of 3 µM enhances the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 from primary mouse spleen lymphocytes. Immunization and subsequent rechallenge with IRBP1-20 lead to increased ear swelling, inflammation of ocular blood vessels, infiltration by immune cells, damage to the photoreceptor layer, and retinal detachment in IFN-γ-deficient mice.

Angiotensinogen is a serum globulin formed by the liver that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensinogen is also called angiotensin precursor.

Super-tdu (1-31) TFA is an endogenous ligand of heptapeptide receptor and has a strong anti-analgesic effect.