oral?squamous?cell?carcinoma

EF24 (3,5-Bis[(2-fluorophenyl)Methylene]-4-piperidinone) treatment increases the levels of activated caspase 3 and 9, and decreases the phosphorylated forms of MEK1 and ERK. EF24 shows potent anti-tumor activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) via deactivation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Inostamycin A is a bacterial metabolite that has been found inStreptomycesand has anticancer activity.1It is an inhibitor of CDP-diacylglycerol:inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase (IC50= 0.02 μg/ml in A431 cell membranes) and is selective for CDP-diacylglycerol:inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase over phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphatidylinositol kinase at 10 μg/ml.2Inostamycin A decreases viability of YCU-T892, KCC-TC873, KB, HSC-4, and YCU-T891 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells in a concentration-dependent manner.3It induces cell cycle arrest in the G1phase in HSC-4 cells when used at a concentration of 250 ng/ml and induces apoptosis in Ms-1 small cell lung cancer cells at 300 ng/ml.3,4Inostamycin A also reduces levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 and inhibits EGF-induced migration of HSC-4 cells.5 1.Imoto, M., Umezawa, K., Takahashi, Y., et al.Isolation and structure determination of inostamycin, a novel inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol turnoverJ. Nat. Prod.53(4)825-829(1990) 2.Imoto, M., Taniguchi, Y., and Umezawa, K.Inhibition of CDP-DG: inositol transferase by inostamycinJ. Biochem.112(2)299-302(1992) 3.Baba, Y., Tsukuda, M., Mochimatsu, I., et al.Cytostatic effect of inostamycin, an inhibitor of cytidine 5'-diphosphate 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (CDP-DG): inositol transferase, on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell linesCell Biol. Int.25(7)613-620(2001) 4.Imoto, M., Tanabe, K., Simizu, S., et al.Inhibition of cyclin D1 expression and induction of apoptosis by inostamycin in small cell lung carcinoma cellsJpn. J. Cancer Res.89(3)315-322(1998) 5.Baba, Y., Tsukuda, M., Mochimatsu, I., et al.Inostamycin, an inhibitor of cytidine 5'-diphosphate 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (CDP-DG): Inositol transferase, suppresses invasion ability by reducing productions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and cell motility in HSC-4 tongue carcinoma cell lineClin. Exp. Metastasis18(3)273-279(2000)

Cudraflavone B has anti-proliferative activity, mouse brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory effects, apoptotic actions in human gastric carcinoma cells and mouse melanoma cells, and hepatoprotective activity. It may be a lead for the development of a potential candidate for human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

GGTI 2133, a peptidomimetic inhibitor of geranylgeranyl transferase type I (GGTase I; IC50= 38 nM), exhibits 140-fold selectivity towards GGTase I compared to farnesyltransferase (IC50= 5,400 nM). The compound effectively inhibits the geranylgeranylation of RAP1A (IC50= 10 µM) without affecting the farnesylation of H-Ras (IC50= >30 µM). Moreover, GGTI 2133 reduces the growth, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) cells to 75, 45, and 27% of control levels, respectively. When administered intraperitoneally at 5 mg/kg per day, it prevents eosinophil infiltration into the airways in a mouse model of allergic bronchial asthma, although it does not reduce chemokine levels. Additionally, GGTI 2133 thwarts naloxone-induced contraction of ileum in rats experiencing morphine withdrawal syndrome and mitigates the severity of withdrawal symptoms in vivo (ED50= 0.076 mg/kg).

Kahweol linoleate is a semi-syntetic derivative of kahweol, a natural product found in coffee beans. It exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast generation, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, preventing aflatoxin B1 induced DNA adduct formation, and suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.

Kahweol Eicosanate is a semi-syntetic derivative of kahweol. Kahweol Eicosanate exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast

CAY10721 is an inhibitor of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a class III HDAC (39% SIRT3 inhibition at 200 μM). Upregulation of SIRT3 transcription is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and breast cancer with lymph node involvement, while SIRT3 down-regulation inhibits the growth of OSCC cells and sensitizes them to radiation and chemotherapy.

NSC745885 is an effective down-regulator of EZH2 via proteasome-mediated degradation. NSC745885 is also an effective anti-tumor agent that displays selective toxicity against multiple cancer cell lines but not normal cells. NSC745885 offers possibilities

Kahweol oleate is emi-syntetic derivative of kahweol, a natural product found in coffee beans. It exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast generation, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, preventing aflatoxin B1 induced DNA adduct formation, and suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.

Kahweol palmitate is a semi-synthetic derivative of kahweol, a natural product found in coffee beans. It exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast generation, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, preventing aflatoxin B1-induced DNA adduct formation, and suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.

Oxysophocarpine is an alkaloid extracted from seaweed. It has neuroprotective and antinociceptive effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems.

MTP, a PKM2 inhibitor, promotes apoptosis in cancer cells via caspase-3 activation while also inducing autophagy and enhancing ROS generation. Further, it inhibits JAK2 signaling, rendering it useful for the study of oral squamous cell carcinoma [1].

Kahweol stearate is a semi-synthetic derivative of kahweol, a natural product found in coffee beans. It exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast generation, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, preventing aflatoxin B1-induced DNA adduct formation, and suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.

β-Defensin-1 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth ofB. adolescentis,L. acidophilus,B. breve,B. vulgatus,L. fermentum,B. longum, andS. thermophilusin an antimicrobial radial diffusion assay.2β-Defensin-1 also inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius, and of susceptibleM. tuberculosisH37Rv but not of resistantM. tuberculosisRM22 when used at a concentration of 128 μg/ml.3,4It blocks human and mouse Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels (IC50s = 11.8 and 13.2 μM, respectively).5Overexpression of β-defensin-1 in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines HSC-3, UM-1, and SCC-9 increases migration and invasion but not proliferation.6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Schroeder, B.O., Ehmann, D., Precht, J.C., et al.Paneth cell α-defensin 6 (HD-6) is an antimicrobial peptideMucosal Immunol.8(3)661-671(2015) 3.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 4.Fattorini, L., Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M., et al.In vitro activity of protegrin-1 and beta-defensin-1, alone and in combination with isoniazid, against Mycobacterium tuberculosisPeptides25(7)1075-1077(2004) 5.Feng, J., Xie, Z., Yang, W., et al.Human beta-defensin 1, a new animal toxin-like blocker of potassium channelToxicon113(2016) 6.Han, Q., Wang, R., Sun, C., et al.Human beta-defensin-1 suppresses tumor migration and invasion and is an independent predictor for survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patientsPLoS One9(3)e91867(2014)

Peplomycin (Bleomycin PEP; Pepleomycin), an analogue of Bleomycin, exhibits significant antitumor activity with reduced pulmonary toxicity. It induces apoptosis in the oral squamous carcinoma cell line SSCKN and causes pulmonary fibrosis in rats [1] [2] [3] [4].

Kahweol Acetate is a semi-synthetic derivative of kahweol, a natural product found in coffee beans. It exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast generation, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, preventing aflatoxin B1 induced DNA adduct formation, and suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress.