βamyloid (142), (rat/mouse) (tfa)

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)), is a truncated peptide derived from the human Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG).

Adropin (34-76) (human, mouse, rat) is a peptide that mitigates liver fibrosis and insulin resistance, independent of obesity or food intake.

LEP(116-130)(mouse) is a synthetic leptin peptide fragment.

Orphan GPCR SP9155 agonist P550 (mouse, rat) acetate (Orphan GPCR SP9155 agonist P550 ) is a member of the RFamide peptide family with orexigenic effects.

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat acetate is an activator of PAC1 receptor. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat acetate demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production and can

Neuropeptide SF(mouse,rat) acetate (Neuropeptide SF(mouse,rat) acetate (230960-31-3 free base)) is a potent neuropeptide FF receptor agonist, Ki for NPFF1 and NPFF2 are 48.4 nM and 12.1 nM, respectively. Neuropeptide SF(mouse,rat) acetate (Neuropeptide SF(mouse,rat) acetate (230960-31-3 free base)) increases the amplitude of the sustained current of heterologously expressed acid sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3).

CGRP (83-119), rat TFA (Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide(83-119), rat TFA) is a 37 amino acid calcitonin family of neuropeptide, acts through calcitonin receptor-like receptor.

Orexin B, rat, mouse Acetate (Rat orexin B) is an endogenous agonist at Orexin receptor with Kis of 420 and 36 nM for OX1 and OX2, respectively.

Galanin (1-16), mouse, porcine, rat, is a hippocampal galanin receptor agonist (Kd = 3 nM) exhibiting high biological activity on locus coeruleus neurons.

MCH(human, mouse, rat) is a potent endogenous agonist at melanin-concentration hormone (MCH) receptors (IC50 values are 0.3 and 1.5 nM and EC50 values are 3.9 and 0.1 nM at MCH1 and MCH2 receptors respectively). Increases food intake in vivo.

Enterostatin, human, mouse, rat acetate is a pentapeptide mainly formed in the intestine by the cleavage of secreted pancreatic procolipase.

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) peptide (35-55) , mouse, rat acetate is a MOG peptide (35-55) derivative. MOG peptide (35-55) is a part of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) immunogenic peptide and can be used to study immune-related diseases.

Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA, also known as Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA, is a biotin-labeled 42-amino acid peptide implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) is the precursor to the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II, cleaved by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). This peptide hormone causes vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure as part of the renin–angiotensin system, also stimulating aldosterone release from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.

β-Amyloid (1-42), (rat mouse) (TFA), is a 42-amino acid peptide fragment employed in the study of Alzheimer's disease.

Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (1-20) (IRBP1-20), a dodecapeptide fragment of retinoid-binding protein 3, plays a crucial role in pigment regeneration by facilitating the transport of retinol and retinal between photoreceptor cells and the retinal pigment epithelium. It has been utilized to provoke autoimmune uveoretinitis in C57BL/6 mice, possessing the H-2b haplotype. Furthermore, IRBP1-20 at a concentration of 3 µM enhances the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 from primary mouse spleen lymphocytes. Immunization and subsequent rechallenge with IRBP1-20 lead to increased ear swelling, inflammation of ocular blood vessels, infiltration by immune cells, damage to the photoreceptor layer, and retinal detachment in IFN-γ-deficient mice.

PAR2 (1-6) is a synthetic peptide agonist of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) that corresponds to residues 1-6 of the amino terminal tethered ligand sequence of mouse and rat PAR2. It also corresponds to residues 39-44 and 37-42 of the mouse and rat full-length sequences, respectively. PAR2 (1-6) induces relaxation in precontracted rat arteries in a concentration-dependent manner, an effect that can be reduced by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA . It inhibits keratinocyte growth in the presence and absence of growth factors. PAR2 (1-6) inhibits LPS-induced pulmonary neutrophil influx and increases in matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity in mice.

Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) II, rat (TFA) is a neuropeptide with 37 amino acid.

Urocortin, rat TFA is a neuropeptide and a potent endogenous CRFR agonist (Kis: 0.97 nM, 1.5 nM, and 13 nM for mouse CRF2β, rat CRF2α, and human CRF1).

Orphan GPCR SP9155 agonist P550 (mouse, rat) (26RFa (mouse, rat)) is an RFamide peptide family member with an orexigenic effect, acting as the cognate ligand for the mouse orphan receptor GPR103, also known as SP9155 or AQ27.

Rat form of the beta-Amyloid (1-40) peptide

Non-selective galanin receptor agonist (Ki values are 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3 respectively). Anticonvulsant; prevents the occurrence of full kindled seizures in rats.

MCH (human, mouse, rat) TFA is a potent peptide agonist for MCH receptors, exhibiting binding IC50 values of 0.3 nM for MCH1R and 1.5 nM for MCH2R. It is particularly effective against MCH-2R in a CHO cell line, with functional activation EC50 values of 3.9 nM for MCH-1R and 0.1 nM for MCH-2R, as evidenced by intracellular calcium mobilization measured with FLIPR [1].

CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA, a neuropeptide encompassing residues 62-76 of the CART peptide, exhibits neurotransmitter-like properties and modulates the striatal noradrenergic system, as well as the corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) systems in the rat brain [1].

Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA serves as both a potent vasoconstrictor and an inhibitor of angiogenesis, as well as acting as a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Additionally, Kisspeptin-10 TFA demonstrates potential antioxidant properties by reducing Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity [1].

Urocortin (Rattus norvegicus) TFA, a neuropeptide and potent endogenous CRFR agonist, demonstrates affinity with Ki values of 13 nM for human CRF1, 1.5 nM for rat CRF2α, and 0.97 nM for mouse CRF2β, indicating its significant interaction across species.[1][2]

BigLEN(mouse) TFA is a proSAAS-derived neuropeptide and GPR171 agonist that both regulates food intake in mice and inhibits the release of glutamate onto parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, a mechanism contingent on postsynaptic G protein activation.

β-Amyloid (1-16) rat is a fragment of the amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide's metal-binding domain, containing three amino acid substitutions compared to its human counterpart, which confer reduced susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease-like neurodegeneration in rats and mice [1].

ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat), the fragment spanning amino acids 3-24 of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serves as a research tool in studying illnesses such as cancer, immune diseases, and cardiovascular disease [1].

Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA, an endogenous peptide hormone, regulates iron homeostasis by upregulating mRNA levels of TRAP, cathepsin K, and MMP-9, enhancing TRAP-5b protein secretion, and downregulating FPN1 protein levels, thereby increasing intracellular iron. It also promotes osteoclast differentiation [1].

Proadrenomedullin N-terminal 12 peptide (PAMP-12), an endogenous fragment originating from the adrenal medulla and spanning amino acids 9-20 of human PAMP-20, plays a role in causing hypotension. It functions as an agonist for the MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor family member X2 (MRGPRX2), inhibiting forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in CHO cells expressing human MRGPRX2 (EC50 = 57.2 nM) and selectively prompting calcium mobilization in these cells (EC50 = 41 nM), but not in cells expressing MRGPRX1, MRGPRX3, or MRGPRX4 at 1 µM. As an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), PAMP-12 obstructs carbachol-triggered catecholamine release and the influx of calcium and sodium (IC50s = 1.3, 0.39, and 0.87 µM, respectively) in primary bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, with no effect on histamine-induced responses (IC50s = >1 µM for all). Additionally, it decreases mean arterial blood pressure in normotensive rats at doses ranging from 10 to 50 nmol/kg.

Galanin (2-11) amide is a synthetic peptide fragment of the neuropeptide galanin and an agonist of the galanin-2 (GAL2) receptor (EC50= 9.32 nM in a fluorescence imaging plate reader assay).1It selectively binds to the GAL2receptor (IC50= 1.76 nM for the rat receptor) over the GAL1receptor (IC50= 879 nM for the human receptor) but does also bind to the GAL3receptor (Ki= 271 nM for the rat receptor).1,2Intracerebroventricular administration of galanin (2-11) amide (1 nmol/animal) decreases immobility in the forced swim test in rats.3It also reduces the hind paw mechanical pain threshold and increases the hind paw cold sensitivity threshold in rats.1

Secretin (33-59), rat (TFA) is a 27-aa peptide, which acts on secretin receptor, and enhances the secretion of bicarbonate, enzymes, and K+ from the pancreas[1][2].

Neuromedin U, rat TFA is a 23-amino acid brain-gut peptide.

Beta-Amyloid(1-14),mouse,rat is a 1 to 14 fragment of Amyloid-β peptide. This peptide is amino acids 1 to 14 fragment of Beta-Amyloid peptide.

β-Amyloid (1-42), rat TFA is a 42-aa peptide, shows the effects of cytotoxicity on acute hippocampal slices, and has been used in studies of alzheimer's disease.

Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA, an endogenous agonist for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ, exhibits a strong affinity for APJ receptors with an IC 50 of 5.4 nM and effectively inhibits cAMP production with an EC 50 of 0.52 nM. Moreover, it obstructs the invasion of certain HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains into NP-2/CD4 cells that express the APJ receptor [1] [2].

Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) TFA acts as a non-selective agonist for galanin receptors, exhibiting affinities (Kis) of 0.98 nM for GAL1, 1.48 nM for GAL2, and 1.47 nM for GAL3, respectively, and possesses an anticonvulsant effect [1] [2].

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat (TFA), is the primary circulating form of ANP in rats and significantly inhibits Ang II-stimulated secretion of endothelin-1.

Brain Natriuretic Peptide-45, rat TFA (BNP-45, rat TFA) is an isoform of the rat brain natriuretic peptide extracted from the rat heart, exhibiting significant hypotensive and natriuretic effects [1].

β-Amyloid 22-35 (Amyloid β-Protein 22-35) TFA, a fragment comprising residues 22-35 of the β-amyloid protein, exhibits cytotoxicity towards cultured rat hippocampal neurons in serum-free media. It aggregates and forms typical amyloid fibrils in neutral buffer solution, mirroring those observed with the full-length β-amyloid protein [1].

β-Amyloid (42-1), human TFA, a 42-amino acid peptide, represents the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42) and is crucial in the development of Alzheimer's disease [1].

β-Amyloid (1-40) TFA, a principal protein in plaques observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients [1], is pivotal in research focused on this neurodegenerative disorder.

[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA acts as a specific agonist for the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor and also activates Y4 and Y5 receptors, elevating blood pressure in anesthetized rats and enhancing food intake [1] [2].

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat (TFA), exhibits potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neurons.

PTH-Related Protein (1-37) (human, mouse, rat) is a peptide analog of parathyroid-hormone-related protein (pTHrP), which plays a role in the physiological regulation of bone formation [1].

Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA, a robust endogenous agonist for the neuropeptide S receptor (NSPR) with an EC50 of 3.2 nM, enhances locomotor activity and promotes wakefulness while concurrently diminishing anxiety-like behavior in mice.

β-Amyloid (1-40), FAM-labeled TFA, is a FAM fluorescently-labeled β-Amyloid (1-40) peptide (λ ex = 492 nm and λ em = 518 nm) [1].

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (40-54), Rat, Mouse (MOG (40-54)) is a self-antigenic epitope associated with the CD8 class of proteins within the MOG protein, presented in conjunction with H-2Db [1].

(Asn10,Leu11,D-Trp12)-pTH-Related Protein (7-34) amide (human, mouse, rat) is a potent antagonist of the PTH-1R [1][2].