ELDKWA, a highly conserved sequence of amino acids located on the ecto-domain of gp41, serves as the epitope for mAb 2F5, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [1] [2].

N36 peptide, an (HIV-1 gp41 fusion peptide), exhibits biological activity.

The 2F5 epitope, a peptide gp41 (659-671), encompasses the complete sequential epitope recognized by one of the three broadly neutralizing antibodies against a wide range of primary HIV-1 isolates. This epitope is uniquely sequential and is identified by the 2F5 antibodies [1] [2].

C34 peptide, also referred to as HR2, is a biologically active peptide integral to the helical region of HIV's gp41 and is specifically the C-terminal heptad repeat 2 (HR2), denoted as the C helix or C peptide. It functions as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 fusion, thereby impeding the virus's entry into cells via membrane fusion.

MPG, a 27-amino acid peptide compound, is derived from the fusion peptide domain of HIV-1 gp41 and the nuclear localisation sequence of SV40 large T antigen. As a potent delivery agent, MPG enables efficient and widespread transport of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides into cultured cells.