l alanyl l leucine

L-Alanyl-L-leucine (H-Ala-Leu-OH) is a dipeptide compound that is involved in protein synthesis.

6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-nor-Leucine (L-6-Diazo-5-oxonorleucine) is a glutaminase antagonist (Ki: 6 μM) and an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by an unidentified Streptomyces species from Peruvian soil.

L-SelenoMethionine (L-(+)-Selenomethionine) is a naturally occurring amino acid. It promotes cell cycle progression and elevates the expression of the antioxidant enzymes thioredoxin reductase, glutathione reductase.

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt (MSG) (Monosodium glutamate) is an activator of mGlu1 receptor.

L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a natural product that is a potent reducing agent and antioxidant. L-Ascorbic acid functions in fighting bacterial infections, in detoxifying reactions, and in the formation of collagen. L-Ascorbic acid is used in the treatment of scurvy.

L-Citronellol ((S)-(-)-beta-Citronellol) is a small molecule compound isolated from geranium with antifungal activity, affecting fungal membranes.L-Citronellol acts synergistically with amphotericin B against Candida yeast.

L-Theanine is a relaxing and nondietary amino acid found pretty much exclusively in teas from Camellia sinensis and is known to promote relaxation without sedation.

L-(+)-Arabinose selectively inhibits intestinal sucrase in a non-competitive manner, thereby preventing glucose elevation induced by sucrose intake.

cis-L-Hydroxyproline inhibits the synthesis and extracellular deposition of collagen. The growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells induced by the Hyp isomer could be due to endoplasmatic reticulum stress.

N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine (N-Ac-Phenylalanine) is an essential amino acid produced for medical, feed, and nutritional applications. It appears in large amount in urine of patients with phenylketonuria which is a human genetic disorder due to the lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme necessary to metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine. Acetylphenylalanine is a product of enzyme phenylalanine N-acetyltransferase in the pathway phenylalanine metabolism.

L-Ornithine hydrochloride ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) has an antifatigue effect by increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia. It is one of the key reactants in the urea cycle.

1. L-Arginine (L-Arg) exhibits anti-atherosclerotic effect. 2. L-Arginine and soy enriched diet are effective in prevention of osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. 3. Exogenous L-Arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway. 4. A combination of oral L-citrulline and L-Arginine effectively and rapidly augments NO-dependent responses at the acute stage.

L-Tyrosine ((S)-Tyrosine) is a naturally occurring tyrosine and is synthesized in vivo from L-phenylalanine, considered a non-essential amino acid. L-Tyrosine(L-p-Tyrosine) is the levorotatory isomer of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

L-Norleucine ((S)-Norleucine) is an isomer of leucine, specifically affects protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and has antivirus activity.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

O-Phospho-L-serine (Phosphoserine) is the phosphoric acid ester of serine.

N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan (N-acetyltryptophan) is an inhibitor of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor, NK1R).

L-Ascorbic acid sodium salt (Vitamin C sodium salt) is a more bioavailable form of vitamin C that is an alternative to taking ascorbic acid as a supplement.

L-Allothreonine (L-allo-Threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans. L-Allothreonine is abundant in human plasma, particularly in newborns. Severe deficiency of threonine causes neurological dysfunction and lameness in experimental animals. L-Allothreonine is an immunostimulant which promotes the growth of thymus gland. L-Allothreonine also can probably promote cell immune defense function. L-Allothreonine is highly concentrated in meat products, cottage cheese, and wheat germ.

L-Aspartic aicd sodium (Sodium L-aspartate) is an amino acid, a precursor active molecule for colon-specific active molecule delivery, that promotes Na+ efflux from rat forebrain membrane vesicles.

L-Cysteine (L-(+)-Cysteine) is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans. L-Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, L-Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, L-Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin.

L-Tryptophan (Tryptophane), an essential amino acid, is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid) and of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It can be a precursor to NIACIN, although inefficiently in mammals.

3-Nitro-L-tyrosine (3-Nitrotyrosine) is the major product from the spontaneous reaction of peroxynitrite with tyrosine. Formation of nitrotyrosine can indicate the formation of peroxynitrite by a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent oxidative damage.

L-Arabinitol (L-(-)-Arabitol) is a potential biomarker for the comsuption of the food products such as sweet potato, deerberry, moth bean. L-Arabinitol is associated with Alzheimer's disease and ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency.

L-Ornithine ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) exhibits an anti-fatigue function by promoting ammonia excretion and enhancing energy consumption efficiency.

L-Arginine hydrochloride is a nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide.

O-Acetylserine (OASS) is an acylated amino acid derivative. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the common amino acid cysteine in bacteria and plants. Its presence in humans arises from either microbial metabolism in the gut or through consumptio

N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid (Ac-L-Glu-OH) (NAcGlu) is an acetylated amino acid. NAcGlu is biosynthesized from glutamic acid and acetyl-CoA by the enzyme N-acetyl glutamate synthase (NAGS). NAcGlu activates carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in the urea cycle. A deficiency in N-acetyl glutamate synthase or a genetic mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme will lead to urea cycle failure in which ammonia is not converted to urea, but rather accumulated in the blood leading to the condition called Type I hyperammonemia.

L-DOPA (Levodopa) is an amino acid precursor of dopamine with antiparkinsonian properties. It is a prodrug converted to dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase and can cross the blood-brain barrier. In the brain, levodopa is decarboxylated to dopamine, stimulating dopaminergic receptors and compensating for depleted endogenous dopamine in Parkinson's disease. To ensure adequate concentrations reach the central nervous system, levodopa is administered with carbidopa, a decarboxylase inhibitor that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, reducing peripheral decarboxylation and increasing CNS dopamine delivery.

L-Hydroxyproline (L-Hydroxyprolin) is one of the hydroxyproline (Hyp) isomers. L-Hydroxyproline is a useful chiral building block in the production of many pharmaceuticals.

L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ((2S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid) is a toxic proline analogue produced by members of the Liliaceae and Agavaciae families.

L-Pipecolic acid (L-Homoproline) is a breakdown product of lysine, accumulates in body fluids of infants with generalized genetic peroxisomal disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy.

L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Ala-Gln), a dipeptide composed of alanine and Gln, is an alternative supplement to L-glutamine in the production of biopharmaceuticals with better solubility and stability than glutamine (Gln).

L-Gulono-1,4-lactone, a substrate of L-gulono-1,4-lactone oxidoreductase, catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of L-ascorbic (Vitamin) C.

Homocystine is the double-bonded form of homocysteine, but it occurs only transiently before being converted to the harmless cystathionine via a vitamin B6-dependent enzyme. Increasing evidence supports a role for an elevation of homocysteine in schizophr

L-Norvaline is an arginase inhibitor and a non-protein branched-chain amino acid. L-Norvaline has previously been reported as a natural component of the antifungal peptide of Bacillus subtilis. L-Norvaline and other modified branched-chain amino acids have received attention in recent studies because they appear to be incorporated into some recombinant proteins found in E. coli.

L-Sophoridine (Matridin-15-one) , a natural product obtained from medicinal plants, which has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-Y effects, and selectively induces apoptotic cell death in a variety of human Y cells in vitro and in vivo; however, its mechanism of action needs to be further elaborated.

L-Aspartic acid (Aspatofort) is a non-essential amino acid in humans, L-Aspartic acid has an overall negative charge and plays an important role in the synthesis of other amino acids and in the citric acid and urea cycles. Asparagine, arginine, lysine, methionine, isoleucine, and some nucleotides are synthesized from aspartic acid. L-Aspartic acid also serves as a neurotransmitter.

L-Cysteic acid monohydrate (3-Sulfo-L-alanine Monohydrate) is an oxidation product of L-cysteine that may be used as a competitive inhibitor of the bacterial aspartate: alanine antiporter (AspT) exchange of aspartate and in other aspartate biological systems. L-Cysteic acid monohydrate is used in monomeric surfactant development. L-Cysteic acid monohydrate may be used in studies of excitatory amino acids in the brain, such as those that bind to cysteine sulfinic acid receptors. It is a useful agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs).

L-Homoserine ((S)-(-)-2-AMINO-4-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID) is a more reactive variant of the amino acid serine. In this variant, the hydroxyl side chain contains an additional CH2 group which brings the hydroxyl group closer to its own carboxyl group, allowing it to chemically react to form a five-membered ring. This occurs at the point that amino acids normally join to their neighbours in a peptide bond. L-Homoserine is therefore unsuitable for forming proteins and has been eliminated from the repertoire of amino acids used by living things. L-Homoserine is the final product on the C-terminal end of the N-terminal fragment following a cyanogen bromide cleavage.

L-Lactic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid) is a natural product produced by the anaerobic glycolysis of pyruvic acid. L-Lactic acid is a sensitive indicator of tissue hypoxia and can be used as a hemodynamic indicator in critically ill patients.

L-Proline (proline) is a nonessential amino acid in humans. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. It also helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles.

N-Acetylleucine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as leucine and derivatives. Leucine and derivatives are compounds containing leucine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of leucine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or fro

Nepsilon-Acetyl-L-lysine, a derivative of lysine, is a chemical compound characterized by the acetylation of the epsilon amino group of the lysine residue [Nepsilon-Ac-Lys].

Histidine (abbreviated as His or H) is an alpha-amino acid. The L-isomer is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. It is classified as a charged, polar because of the hydrophilic nature of the imidazole side chain.

L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium (Sodium ascorbyl phosphate) is utilized in biocatalytic dephosphorylation for electric power generation and electrochemical detection assays.

N-Acetyl-L-arginine (Ac-Arg-OH), an N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid with a strong basic nature (based on its pKa), has elevated serum levels in hyperargininemic patients and is associated with several diseases, including uremia and colorectal cancer. In untreated hyperargininemic patients, it reaches its highest levels in cerebrospinal fluid. It has also been detected in apples and loquats, suggesting it could be a potential biomarker for consumption of these foods. Additionally, a low-arginine diet combined with sodium benzoate therapy leads to a marked decrease in plasma N-acetyl-L-arginine concentrations.

L-Threonine (threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans，an important amino acid for the nervous system,L-Threonine also plays an important role in porphyrin and fat metabolism and prevents fat buildup in the liver. Useful with intestinal disorders and indigestion, threonine has also been used to alleviate anxiety and mild depression.

L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is not considered one of the 20 amino acids, L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is a sulfur-containing derivative obtained from oxidation of cysteine amino acid thiol side chains. It functions as an antioxidant and protects tissues against radiation and pollution, slowing the aging process. It also aids protein synthesis. L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is abundant in many proteins of skeletal tissues and skin, and found in insulin and digestive enzymes chromotrypsinogen A, papain, and trypsinogen.