n-acetyl-l-cysteine ethyl ester

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester (NACET) is a derivative of the amino acid-L-cysteine. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester has been shown to have a wide range of biochemical and physiological effects, including inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of DNA replication, and induction of apoptosis. It has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activity.

L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate (L-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate) is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), taurine and glutathione. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans.

N-acetyl-L-methionine is nutritionally and metabolically equivalent to L-methionine. Methionine is a dietary indispensable amino acid required for normal growth and development of humans, other mammals, and avian species. In addition to being a substrate

Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl eicosapentaenoate) is an omega-3 fatty acid.

L-Cysteine (L-(+)-Cysteine) is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans. L-Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, L-Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, L-Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin.

Nepsilon-Acetyl-L-lysine is a derivative of the lysine.

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Ac-Tyr-OH) is a side chain reaction of tyrosine. It converts to tyrosine and then can be used in neurotransmitter treatment as a precursor of cathecholamine.

N-[2-(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-4'-cyanobiphenyl-2-carboxaMide, a TAU cytotoxicity inhibitor, inhibits LDH leakage of M17-TAU P301L cells with EC50 of 325nM.

pGlu-K(-NBD)-Q-R-L-G-N-Q-W-A-V-G-H-L-M-N is a peptides

4-QUinolinecarboxamide, N-[3-[[[2-[4-(aminosulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl]amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo- is an amine.

4-(2-chloro-4-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-N-[(1A)-2-cyclopropyl-1-(3-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)ethyl]-5-methyl-N-(2-propyn-1-yl)-2-thiazolamine is an enantiomeric counterpart of SSR-125543. SSR-125543 is a potent CRF-R1 antagonist with Ki = 1.0 nM for human CRF-R1.

(1R,5S,6r)-N-(2-methyl-1-((3-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxamide L(+)-Tartaric acid is a potential SSTR4 agonist.

L-Cysteine S-sulfate (S-Sulfo-L-cysteine) is an effective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptors agonist. L-Cysteine S-sulfate is the substrate for cystine lyase [1].

N-Acetyl-β-Asp-Glu is a peptide neurotransmitter, the third most common neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. NAAG consists of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glutamate coupled via a peptide bond.

(S)-3-Phenyl-2-(pyrazine-2-carboxamido)propanoic acid is a biochemical reagent that can be used in biological research.

N-Acetyl-α-Endorphin acetate is an acetylated α-Endorphin at N-terminal. α-Endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide.

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine sodium salt shows a weak affinity for mGluR1α and mGluR5a at high concentrations and has potential antioxidant activity.

N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-2-iodobenzamide is a radiopharmaceutical for the scintigraphic detection of melanoma and metastases.

N-Cbz-L-Leucine (N-[(Phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-leucine) is a leucine derivative, a commonly used amino acid protecting group.

N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) is a terminal essential amino sugar derived from galactose and forms the antigens of blood group A in humans.

Fmoc-N-methyl-L-alloisoleucine is a biochemical reagent for biosynthesis.

Acetyl-L-carnitine(RO 447190) is an amino acid that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is often used as a dietary supplement for neuroinflammation.Acetyl-L-carnitine is neuroprotective and can be used in the study of neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Compound 5936-0108 may has modulationg effect on β-Amyloid.

Acetyl Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro is formed in bone marrow cells by enzymatic processing of thymosin β4. It inhibits the entry of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells into S-phase of the cell cycle and protects against Ara-C lethality in mice.

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride (Leu-Leu-ome hydrochloride) is a lysosomal condensation product that cytotoxic towards natural killer cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes.

N-Acetyl-D-cysteine has antioxidant activities and scavenges ROS through the reaction with its thiol group.

S-allyl-L-cysteine (S-Allylcysteine), a natural constituent of fresh garlic, has antioxidant and anticancer properties in animals.

Thiol-PEG3-phosphonic acid ethyl ester, a PEG-based linker, serves as a valuable component in the synthesis of PROTACs[1].

Hederagenin 28-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester}3-O-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl} is a saponin known for its antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties [1].

Boc-N-PEG5-C2-NHS ester is a PEG-based linker for PROTACs which joins two essential ligands, crucial for forming PROTAC molecules. This linker enables selective protein degradation by leveraging the ubiquitin-proteasome system within cells.

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C14:1-δ9-cis-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that functions as a signaling molecule in the quorum sensing of A. vitis. Regulating bacterial quorum sensing signaling can be used to inhibit pathogenesis and thus, represents a new approach to antimicrobial therpy in the treatment of infectious diseases.

Pinolenic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid found in Korean pine (Pinus orientalis) and maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) seed oils. Both oils have been found to have lipid-lowering properties. A diet containing maritime pine seed oil (MPSO) lowered high-density lipoprotein and ApoA1 levels in transgenic mice expressing human ApoA1. MPSO was found to diminish cholesterol efflux in vitro. Korean pine seed oil supplements may help in obesity by reduction of appetite. People taking this oil had an increase in the satiety hormones CCK and GLP-1 and a reduced desire to eat. The activity of the oil is attributed to pinolenic acid. Pinolenic acid is not converted to arachidonic acid metabolically and can reduce arachidonic acid levels in the phosphatidylinositol fraction of HepG2 cells from 15.9% to 7.0%. Pinolenic acid ethyl ester is a neutral, more lipophilic form of the free acid.

N-(Propargyl-PEG2)-N-Boc-PEG3-t-butyl ester is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based linker employed for the synthesis of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) [1].

S-(3-Carboxypropyl)-L-cysteine is a thioether derivative of L-cysteine.

N-Acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate disodium (GlcNAc-1-P), an anomeric sugar phosphate, plays a crucial role as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of N-linked glycoproteins. Additionally, it serves as a metabolic precursor for the synthesis of bacterial cell-wall components, particularly teichoic acid and murein [1].

γ-L-Glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine is an organosulfur compound naturally present in garlic [1].

Omega-3 Arachidonic Acid ethyl ester, a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid with limited presence in dietary sources, is crucial for infant growth and development and offers protection against heart disease, blood clots, high blood pressure, and inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. In human platelet membranes, it impedes arachidonyl-CoA synthetase, exhibiting a Ki of 14 μM, and shows similar inhibitory effects on arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase in calf brain extract with an IC50 of roughly 5 μM. The ethyl arachidonate derivative offers enhanced lipophilicity compared to its free acid counterpart.

N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-Oxo-C10-HSL) functions as a bacterial quorum-sensing signal autoinducer [1].

N-(Azido-PEG3)-N-Biotin-PEG4-methyl ester is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative used as a PROTAC linker for the synthesis of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

S-(N-Methylsulfinylbutylthiocarbamoyl)-L-cysteine (SFN-Cys) is an isothiocyanate derivative, functioning as an active metabolite of sulforaphane, a class I and II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and anticancer agent. This compound is generated from sulforaphane through intermediates - DL-sulforaphane glutathione and sulforaphane cysteinylglycine - via the mercapturic acid pathway enzymes. At a concentration of 20 µM, SFN-Cys diminishes invasion and migration of U87MG and U373 MG glioblastoma cells as observed in wound healing and chamber assays. Furthermore, at 45 µM, it significantly lowers the expression of α-tubulin, βIII-tubulin, stathmin 1, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and also reduces cell density in paclitaxel-resistant A549 lung cancer cells (A549/T). Additionally, when used at 30 µM, SFN-Cys prompts apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in U87MG and U373 MG cells.

Several different arachidonoyl amino acids, including N-arachidonoyl-L-alanine (NALA), have been isolated and characterized from bovine brain. The glycine congener (NAGly) was further characterized and found to suppress formalin-induced pain in rats. NALA may have activity at cannabinoid receptor and/or VR1, but has not been fully characterized to date.

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C18:1-δ9 cis-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that may have antimicrobial activity and thus, might be used to inhibit pathogenesis by regulating bacerial quorum sensing signaling.

Nrf2 activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) is central to cytoprotective gene expression against oxidative and/or electrophilic stress. Unless activated by inflammatory, environmental, or oxidative stressors, Nrf2 is sequestered in the cytoplasm by its repressor, Keap1. Because of its protective capabilities, small molecules that activate Nrf2 signaling are being examined as potential anti-cancer or anti-inflammatory agents. DL-Sulforaphane N-acetyl-L-cysteine (SFN-NAC) is a major metabolite of SFN , a powerful inducer of chemopreventative enzymes via Keap1-Nrf2 signaling and ARE-driven gene expression. At 75 μM, SFN-NAC has been shown to increase ARE expression in HepG2-C8 cells. Its reported potency on ARE-related gene expression is roughly 8-fold less than SFN.

N-Acetyl lysyltyrosylcysteine amide acetate is an effective and selective tripeptide inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO). N-Acetyl lysyltyrosylcysteine amide acetate inhibits MPO-dependent hypochlorous acid (HOCl) generation, protein nitration, and LDL ox

N-Mal-N-bis(PEG2-NHS ester) is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based linker utilized in the synthesis of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Glycine, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]thio-L-phenylalanyl-, methyl ester (compound 3b) is a sulfamide-containing polypeptide that can be utilized in the synthesis of peptide-agent coupling compounds [1].

N-3-hydroxybutyryl-L-Homoserine lactone is an N-acyl-homoserine lactone produced by the bacterium V. splendidus and has been found in sequencing batch biofilm reactors used in wastewater treatment.1,2 It is the racemic version of the V. harveyi autoinducer N-((R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone.3 |1. Purohit, A.A., Johansen, J.A., Hansen, H., et al. Presence of acyl-homoserine lactones in 57 members of the Vibrionaceae family. J. Appl. Microbiol. 115(3), 835-847 (2013).|2. Feng, Z., Sun, Y., Li, T., et al. Operational pattern affects nitritation, microbial community and quorum sensing in nitrifying wastewater treatment systems. Sci. Total Environ. 677, 456-465 (2019).|3. Ke, X., Miller, L.C., and Bassler, B.L. Determinants governing ligand specificity of the Vibrio harveyi LuxN quorum-sensing receptor. Mol. Microbiol. 95(1), 127-142 (2015).

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.[1] This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.[2] Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family.[3] C16:1-Δ9-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that functions as a quorum sensing signaling molecule in strains of S. meliloti.[4],[5],[6],[7] Regulating bacterial quorum sensing signaling can be used to inhibit pathogenesis and thus, represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases.[8] Reference：[1]. González, J.E., and Keshavan, N.D. Messing with bacterial quorum sensing. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70(4), 859-875 (2006).[2]. Gould, T.A., Herman, J., Krank, J., et al. Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone syntheses examined by mass spectrometry. J. Bacteriol. 188(2), 773-783 (2006).[3]. Penalver, C.G.N., Morin, D., Cantet, F., et al. Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 produces a novel type of acyl-homoserine lactone with a double unsaturated side chain under methylotrophic growth conditions. FEBS Lett. 580(2), 561-567 (2006).[4]. Teplitski, M., Eberhard, A., Gronquist, M.R., et al. Chemical identification of N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signals produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti strains in defined medium. Archives of Microbiology 180, 494-497 (2003).[5]. Gao, M., Chen, H., Eberhard, A., et al. sinI- and expR-dependent quorum sensing in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 187(23), 7931-7944 (2005).[6]. Marketon, M.M., Glenn, S.A., Eberhard, A., et al. Quorum sensing controls exopolysaccharide production in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 185(1), 325-331 (2003).[7]. Marketon, M., Gronquist, M.R., Eberhard, A., et al. Characterization of the Sinorhizobium meliloti sinR/sinI locus and the production of novel N-Acyl homoserine lactones. Journal of Bacteriology 184(20), 5686-5695 (2002).[8]. Cegelski, L., Marshall, G.R., Eldridge, G.R., et al. The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6(1), 17-27 (2008).

L-Isoleucine ethyl ester HCl is a bioactive chemical.

N-(Azido-PEG2)-N-Boc-PEG4-NHS ester, a PEG-based PROTAC linker, facilitates the synthesis of PROTACs[1].