neuropeptide y , amide, human tfa

Neuropeptide Y (29-64), amide, human (TFA) is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity.It is showed that Neuropeptide Y (29-64), amide, human (TFA) is able to protect cortical neurons from Aβ25-35 t

[D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y Acetate is a potent and selective agonist of neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide acetate Y is a significantly less potent agonist at the NPY Y1, Y2, Y4, and y6 receptors. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y Acetate markedly increases food intake in rats.

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide, human(TFA) is a regulatory human peptide that elicits gastrin release and regulates gastric acid secretion and enteric motor function. The post-ganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve that innervate the G cells of the stomach release GRP, which stimulates the G cells to release gastrin.

Neuropeptide Y (scrambled) Acetate (Pro-Neuropeptide Y (scrambled) Acetate) is a scrambled peptide of Neuropeptide Y that has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may have neuroprotective effects.

Kisspeptin-10, human TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and angiogenesis inhibitor. Kisspeptin-10, human TFA acts as a tumor metastasis suppressor via its receptor GPR54. Kisspeptin-10-GPR54 system plays an important role in embryonic kidney development. Kisspeptin-10/GPR54 signaling induces osteoblast differentiation via NFATc4-mediated BMP2 expression

2-Furoyl-LIGRLO-amide TFA(729589-58-6 free base) is a potent and selective protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist.

Neuropeptide SF (human) aceate is a neuropeptide that augmented paraventricular CRH release and increased ACTH and corticosterone levels in the plasma.

Neuropeptide AF (human) acetate (Neuropeptide AF (human) acetate (192387-38-5 Free base)) is an anti-opioid neuropeptide, a Neuropeptide AF (human) derivative, which regulates adipocyte metabolism.

Nociceptin (1-13), amide is a potent agonist Opioid receptor-like1 (ORL1) receptor with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes.

Neuropeptide Y (29-64), amide, human acetate is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity.

High affinity neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist

740 Y-P(TFA)(1236188-16-1 free base) (740YPDGFR(TFA)) is a potent and cell-permeable activator of PI3K.

Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (6-30) amide (human) is an incretin hormone utilized in the research of diabetes [1].

MCH (human, mouse, rat) TFA is a potent peptide agonist for MCH receptors, demonstrating strong affinity with binding IC 50 values of 0.3 nM for MCH1R and 1.5 nM for MCH2R. It is notably effective against MCH-2R in a CHO cell line, as evidenced by the mobilization of intracellular calcium measured with FLIPR, revealing functional activation EC 50 values of 3.9 nM for MCH-1R and 0.1 nM for MCH-2R [1].

TIP39, a neuropeptide and an agonist for the parathyroid hormone receptor type 2 (PTH2R), effectively increases cAMP levels in COS-7 cells featuring recombinant PTH2R from humans or rats (EC50s = 0.5 and 0.8 nM, respectively), as well as in F-11 cells that naturally express PTH2R (EC50 = 1.15 nM). Furthermore, TIP39 at 1 nM halts the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and reduces Sox9 expression, a crucial regulator of cartilage differentiation, in CFK2 rat chondrocytes. Additionally, administering 100 pmol/animal of TIP39 reduces the immobility period in the forced swim test in mice, indicating a potential antidepressant effect.

Orexin B, human (TFA) is an endogenous agonist at Orexin receptor with Kis of 420 and 36 nM for OX1 and OX2.

PAMP-12(human, porcine) TFA, a significant constituent of immunoreactive (ir)-PAMP, derives from the adrenomedullin precursor and functions as a potent hypotensive peptide involved in cardiovascular regulation [1].

[Met5]-Enkephalin, amide TFA (5-Methionine-enkephalin amide (TFA)) is a δ opioid receptors agonist as well as putative ζ (zeta) opioid receptors.

[D-Arg25]-Neuropeptide Y (human) ([D-Arg25] NPY), a Y1 receptor selective agonist, plays a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and safeguards rat cortical neurons from β-Amyloid toxicity [1].

Obestatin(human) TFA, an endogenous peptide originating from the same prepropeptide as ghrelin, is known to suppress food intake and reduce weight gain in rats.

'(Des-Bromo)-Neuropeptide B (1-23) (human)' is an agonist for orphan G-protein-coupled receptors, exhibiting a K i of 1.2 nM for GPR7 (NPBW1) and 341 nM for GPR8 (NPBW2) respectively [1].

TNF-α (31-45), human (TFA) is a peptide of tumor necrosis factor-α.

Potent neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor agonist (pEC50 values are 7.82, 6.28, 6.44 and > 6 at rat Y5, Y4, Y1 and Y2 receptors respectively) that displays > 26-fold, > 1000-fold and > 1000-fold selectivity over Y1, Y2 and Y4 receptors respectively. Induces

Neuropeptide Y (29-64), amide, human is a biologically active 36-amino acid peptide.

Osteostatin (1-5) amide (human, bovine, dog, horse, mouse, rabbit, rat), also known as Human PTHrP (107-111) amide, is a C-terminal fragment of parathyroid hormone-related protein that inhibits bone resorption [1] [2].

Nocistatin (human) TFA inhibits the allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by nociceptin and mitigates pain triggered by prostaglandin E2 [1].

Biotinyl-neuropeptide W-23 (human) is a biotinylated form of neuropeptide W-23 (human), which functions as an agonist for the NPBW1 (GPR7) and NPBW2 (GPR8) receptors [1] [2].

Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human (22-52-Adrenomedullin human) TFAis a kind of NH2 TFA truncated at the end of the quality of adrenal medullary analogue, is a kind of quality of adrenal medullary receptor antagonist.

Acetyl-PHF6 amide TFA is a tau derived hexapeptide.

(D-Ala2)-GRF (1-29) amide (human) is a potent superagonist of Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor (GRF), demonstrating an exceptionally high Growth Hormone (GH)-releasing activity, approximately 50-fold greater than that of GRF (1-29) in both pigs and rats [1].

Mca-(endo-1a-Dap(Dnp))-TNF-Alpha (-5 to +6) amide (human) is a peptide utilized as a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based substrate for proteolytic activity assays, wherein the cleavage-induced change in fluorescence intensity serves as the measure of enzymatic activity [1].

PTH-Related Protein (7-34) amide (human, mouse, rat) serves as a potent antagonist of parathyroid hormone (PTH) [1].

Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) is a metabolite of neuropeptide Y (NPY) generated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). Known as a selective Y2 receptor agonist, Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) effectively reduces the release of norepinephrine via the Y2 receptor[1][2].

GLP-1 (1-36) amide (human, rat) TFA, a molecular variant of GLP-1 (7-36) amide, can induce [14C]aminopyrine accumulation in enzymatically dispersed enriched rat parietal cells [1].

Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1) (56-87), a peptide originating from the human Klotho protein, disrupts TGF-β signaling by binding to TGF-β receptor types 1 and 2 (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2; Kds = 1.41 and 14.6 µM, respectively). Preincubation with KP1 at a concentration of 10 µg/ml hinders the TGF-β-induced escalation of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels in NRK-49F rat fibroblasts. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that KP1, administered at 1 mg/kg per day, preferentially accumulates in damaged kidneys, leading to significant reductions in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, indicators of improved kidney function. Additionally, it decreases kidney fibrosis in mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced renal fibrosis.

PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat (TFA) demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal.

(Asn10,Leu11,D-Trp12)-pTH-Related Protein (7-34) amide (human, mouse, rat) is a potent antagonist of the PTH-1R [1] [2].

Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) is a segment derived from the agouti-related protein (AGRP), abundantly present in the hypothalamus' arcuate nucleus. It predominantly functions as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), thereby promoting food intake [1] [2].

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid neuropeptide that exerts its activity via G-protein-coupled receptors. NPY is widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems. It modulates a variety of physiological processes, e.g. the central reg

Human LL-37 is a 37 amino acid cationic (6+) peptide and has been widely studied. LL-37 penetrates the bacterial membrane and forms pores in the membrane.

Fibrinopeptide A, human is a 16-residue short polypeptide cleaved from fibrinogen by thrombin. Fibrinopeptide A, human locates at the NH2-termini of the Aα chain.The conversion of monomeric fibrinogen into polymeric fibrin is mediated by thrombin, which b

Neuropeptide W-23(human) (NPW-23) is an endogenous ligand for NPBW1 and NPBW2.

Tau protein (592-597), Human (TFA) is a peptide fragment of human Tau protein.

Endogenous agonist at orexin receptors (Ki values are 20 and 38 nM for OX1 and OX2 receptors respectively). Stimulates feeding following central administration and may be involved in the control of sleep-wake cycle and other hypothalamic functions.

Human PTHrP-(1-34)NH2, also known as PTH-Related Protein (1-34) amide for human, mouse, and rat, is the N-terminal fragment of PTHrP. This peptide induces hypercalcemia and is utilized in the study of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy [1].

Neuropeptide W-23 (human) (NPW-23) TFA, representing the active form of Neuropeptide W, functions as an endogenous agonist for both NPBW1 (GPR7) and NPBW2 (GPR8) receptors [1].

PAR2 (1-6) amide is a synthetic peptide agonist of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) that corresponds to residues 1-6 of the amino terminal tethered ligand sequence of human PAR2 and residues 37-42 of the full-length sequence.1It binds to NCTC 2544 cells expressing human PAR2 (Ki= 9.64 μM in a radioligand binding assay) and induces calcium mobilization in the same cells (EC50= 0.075 μM).2PAR2 (1-6) amide (100 μM) reduces colony formation of A549 lung cancer cells.1It induces superoxide production and degranulation in isolated human eosinophils when used at a concentration of 500 μM.3PAR2 (1-6) amide (5 μmol/kg) induces tear secretion in rats when used in combination with amastatin .4 1.Bohm, S.K., Kong, W., Bromme, D., et al.Molecular cloning, expression and potential functions of the human proteinase-activated receptor-2Biochem. J.314(Pt 3)1009-1016(1996) 2.Kanke, T., Ishiwata, H., Kabeya, M., et al.Binding of a highly potent protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) activating peptide, [3H]2-furoyl-LIGRL-NH2, to human PAR2Br. J. Pharmacol.145(2)255-263(2005) 3.Miike, S., McWilliam, A.S., and Kita, H.Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2J. Immunol.167(11)6615-6622(2001) 4.Nishikawa, H., Kawai, K., Tanaka, M., et al.Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2)-related peptides induce tear secretion in rats: Involvement of PAR-2 and non-PAR-2 mechanismsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.312(2)324-331(2005)

Neuropeptide AF (93-110), Human is an endogenous antiopioid peptide.

Urotensin II (114-124), human TFA, is an 11-amino acid residue peptide with a strong vasoconstrictor effect. This compound acts as an agonist for the orphan receptor GPR14.

GIP (1-30) amide (Human) TFA is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide fragment. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions.