udp-α-d-glucose

UDP-β-D-Glucose is the stereoisomer of UDP-α-D-glucose (sodium salt) . The activities of the UDP-β-D-glucose isomer are not known.

UDP-α-D-Glucose is an endogenous nucleotide sugar involved in glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism. It has been shown to bind the P2Y14receptor (EC50= 0.35 μM), an atypical P2Y receptor involved in the activation of dendritic cells and glial cells.1It can also bind to and activate GPR17, inducing oligodendrocyte differentiation at a maximal concentration of 100 μM.2 1.Jacobson, K.A., Ivanov, A.A., de Castro, S., et al.Development of selective agonists and antagonists of P2Y receptorsPurinergic Signal.5(1)75-89(2009) 2.Lecca, D., Trincavelli, M.L., Gelosa, P., et al.The recently identified P2Y-like receptor GPR17 is a sensor of brain damage and a new target for brain repairPLoS One3(10)(2008)

Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-Glucose sodium salt) is an endogenous nucleotide sugar involved in glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism. It is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor (EC50 = 0.35 μM) and can also bind to and activate GPR17, inducing oligodendrocyte differentiation at a maximal concentration of 100 μM.

D-Glucose (Glucopyranose) is a monosaccharide, a natural glucose, a sweetener. D-Glucose is the main functional substance of living organisms, and is used as a nutrient in medicine, with diuretic, detoxification and cardiotonic effects.

2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is an analog of glucose, an inhibitor of glycolysis. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose has antiviral activity, as well as inhibitory cell proliferation and apoptosis-inducing activity.

2-Deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucose sodium (GlcN-2S) can potentially influence arthritis.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate disodium salt is a compound widely present in biological systems. It is a molecule formed when glucose undergoes phosphorylation at the 6th carbon. This compound participates in various metabolic regulatory pathways within the body, including the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis.

alpha-D-glucose (α-Dextrose) is a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

β-D-Glucose pentaacetate (Penta-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranose) is a natural product.

4,6-Benzilidine-D-Glucose is a clinical antitumor compound showing antitumor activity in rats with chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma.

In cells, D-Glucose 6-phosphate potassium salt (G6P) is generated when glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase or glucokinase or by the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase during glycogenolysis. G6P lies at the beginning of both glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathways. It also can be stored as glycogen when blood glucose levels are high.

UDP-a-D-Galactose disodium salt is a donor substrate for galactosyltransferases employed in the biosynthesis of galactose-containing oligosaccharides[1].

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate is an intermediate in glycogen metabolism.1,2It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucose, the glucose donor in glycogen biosynthesis.2α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate can be formed during glycogen breakdownviaphosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen by glycogen phosphorylase.1It can be converted to glucose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase. α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate is combined with CTP by α-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase to form CDP-glucose in the first step of CDP-D-tyvelose biosynthesis inS. typhi.3Bacterial sucrose phosphorylase converts sucrose and phosphate into D-fructose and α-D-glucose-1-phosphate.4 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Glycogen breakdown requires the interplay of several enzymesBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Glycogen is synthesized and degraded by different pathwaysBiochemistry(2002) 3.Koropatkin, N.M., and Holden, H.M.Molecular structure of ɑ-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from Salmonella typhiJ. Biol. Chem.279(42)44023-44029(2004) 4.Goedl, C., Schwarz, A., Minani, A., et al.Recombinant sucrose phosphorylase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides: Characterization, kinetic studies of transglucosylation, and application of immobilised enzyme for production of ɑ-Ｄ-glucose 1-phosphateJ. Biotechnol.129(1)77-86(2007)

1-thio-β-D-Glucose tetraacetate is a building block.1,2It has been used in the synthesis of aromatic glucosinolates with anti-inflammatory activity, as well as glucosylated poly(pentafluorostyrene) derivatives for coating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. 1.Vo, Q.V., Trenerry, C., Rochfort, S., et al.Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of aromatic glucosinolatesBioorg. Med. Chem.21(19)5945-5954(2013) 2.Babiuch, K., Wyrwa, R., Wagner, K., et al.Functionalized, biocompatible coating for superparamagnetic nanoparticles by controlled polymerization of a thioglycosidic monomerBiomacromolecules12(3)681-691(2011)

1,2,6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, a chemical compound, can be extracted from Sanguisorba officinalis [1].

2-deoxy-D-Glucose-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by GC- or LC-MS. 2-deoxy-D-Glucose is a glucose antimetabolite and an inhibitor of glycolysis.1,2It inhibits hexokinase, the enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, as well as phosphoglucose isomerase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.32-deoxy-D-Glucose (16 mM) induces apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, as well as inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells cultured under hypoxic conditions when used at a concentration of 2 mg/ml.4,5In vivo, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (500 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in 143B osteosarcoma and MV522 non-small cell lung cancer mouse xenograft models when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel .6 1.Kang, H.T., and Hwang, E.S.2-Deoxyglucose: An anticancer and antiviral therapeutic, but not any more a low glucose mimeticLife Sci.78(12)1392-1399(2006) 2.Aft, R.L., Zhang, F.W., and Gius, D.Evaluation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a chemotherapeutic agent: Mechanism of cell deathBr. J. Cancer87(7)805-812(2002) 3.Ralser, M., Wamelink, M.M., Struys, E.A., et al.A catabolic block does not sufficiently explain how 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibits cell growthProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA105(46)17807-17811(2008) 4.Liu, H., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.Hypoxia increases tumor cell sensitivity to glycolytic inhibitors: A strategy for solid tumor therapy (Model C)Biochem. Pharmacol.64(12)1745-1751(2002) 5.Zhang, X.D., Deslandes, E., Villedieu, M., et al.Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on various malignant cell lines in vitroAnticancer Res.26(5A)3561-3566(2006) 6.Maschek, G., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.2-deoxy-D-glucose increases the efficacy of adriamycin and paclitaxel in human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancers in vivoCancer Res.64(1)31-34(2004)

2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-Glucose (2-FG) is a derivative of glucose with anticancer activity.1It inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells grown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions when used at concentrations of 6 and 24 mM.

2-O-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucose can be used in related research in the field of life sciences and its product number is TN6485.

Azido-PEG4-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based linker compound crucial for the efficient synthesis of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Propargyl-PEG2-beta-D-glucose, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derived linker compound, is specifically designed for the synthesis of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

D-Glucose-1,2-13C2 is the 13C labeled compound of D-Glucose. D-Glucose has a CAS number of 50-99-7. D(+)-Glucose is a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

6-Deoxy-D-glucose is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T124253.

UDP-N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine is a natural nucleotide sugar that is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues to substrates.1It is an important component of antibiotic biosynthesis pathways in fungi and lipopolysaccharide production in bacteria.2,3 1.Roseman, S.Reflections on glycobiologyJ. Biol. Chem.276(45)41527-41542(2001) 2.Kudo, F., and Eguchi, T.Biosynthetic genes for aminoglycoside antibioticsJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)62(9)471-481(2009) 3.Mulrooney, E.F., Poon, K.K., McNally, D.J., et al.Biosynthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-L-fucosamine, a precursor to the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O11J. Biol. Chem.280(20)19535-19542(2005)

1-O-p-Coumaroyl-β-D-glucose, a compound extractable from Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem (sponge gourds) [1] [2], has been found to enhance glucose uptake in HuH7 cells.

4,6-O-Ethylidene-α-D-glucose (Ethylidene-glucose), a derivative of glucose, serves as a competitive inhibitor for the exofacial binding site of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), exhibiting a Ki of 12 mM against wild-type 2-deoxy-D-glucose transport.

α-D-Glucose 1-phosphate disodium salt is converted into D-glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.

D-glucose 6-phosphate is glucose that is phosphorylated on the carbon 6 hydroxyl group.

α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is abis-phosphorylated derivative of α-D-glucose that has roles in carbohydrate metabolism.1It is the product of the reaction of glucose-1- or 6-phosphate with glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase (PGM2LI) in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.2It is also a cofactor for the bacterial enzyme phosphopentomutase.3,4α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate has been used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism. 1.Beitner, R.Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in extrahepatic tissues; comparison with fructose 2,6-bisphosphateInt. J. Biochem.22(6)553-557(1990) 2.Maliekal, P., Sokolova, T., Vertommen, D., et al.Molecular identification of mammalian phosphopentomutase and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase, two members of the α-D-phosphohexomutase familyJ. Biol. Chem.282(44)31844-31851(2007) 3.Moustafa, H.M.A., Zaghloul, T.I., and Zhang, Y.-H.P.A simple assay for determining activities of phosphopentomutase from a hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritimaAnal. Biochem.50175-81(2016) 4.Panosian, T.D., Nannemann, D.P., Watkins, G.R., et al.Bacillus cereus phosphopentomutase is an alkaline phosphatase family member that exhibits an altered entry point into the catalytic cycleJ. Biol. Chem.286(10)8043-8054(2011)

D-Glucose-13C6 (Dextrose-13C6) is an isotopic marker of D-Glucose, which can be used as a metabolic tracer for the study of metabolism-related diseases and metabolic processes of some substances in the body.

Isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside is a natural product used in life sciences research, catalog number TN4324, CAS number [60778-00-9].

1,3,6-Tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (1,3,6-Tri-O-galloylglucose) is a phenolic compound found in Black Walnut Kernels, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity.

Limocitrin 3-β-D-glucose (BRN: 6394886) is a flavonoid glycoside belonging to the class of organic compounds known as phenolic esters. It is used to make other chemical substances and has been identified in [swamp wallaby apple] and [water primrose].

Propargyl-PEG4-tetra-Ac-beta-D-glucose, a PEG-based PROTAC linker, facilitates the synthesis of PROTACs [1].

2-Deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate disodium, a derivative of glucose analog 2-Deoxy-D-glucose, is synthesized in mammalian cells via hexokinase activity on 2-DG and acts as a competitive inhibitor of glucose metabolism by specifically obstructing glycolysis through targeting hexokinase.

Propargyl-PEG4-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatized PROTAC linker used in the synthesis of PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Azido-PEG4-tetra-Ac-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based PROTAC linker used for PROTAC synthesis[1].

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium hydrate is used in various medical and biochemical applications, including as a precursor in the synthesis of glucuronic acid, a cytostatic compound vital for cardiopathic therapy, an antibiotic, an immunosuppressive agent, and a component in circulatory system therapy [1].

In cells, D-Glucose 6-phosphate sodium (G6P) is generated when glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase or glucokinase or by the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase during glycogenolysis. G6P lies at the beginning of both glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathways. It also can be stored as glycogen when blood glucose levels are high.

Kaempferol 3,7-bis(α-L-rhamnose-D-glucose) (compound 1), a flavonoid glycoside, is found in Euonymus fortunei.

2-Keto-D-Glucose (D-Glucosone) is a key intermediate in a secondary metabolic pathway leading to the antibiotic Cortalcerone, and is found in various natural sources, including fungi, algae, and shellfish.

1-thio-β-D-Glucose is an analog of β-D-glucose in which sulfur replaces the hydroxyl group at the one position. The thiol group allows diverse chemical reactions, including click chemistry and polymerization. 1-thio-β-D-Glucose can be labeled with technetium-99m for analytical and diagnostic procedures. It can also be used as a substrate for glucose oxidase, which leads to the production of 1-thio-β-D-gluconic acid.

UDP-GlcNAc Disodium Salt (UDP-α-D-N-Acetylglucosamine Disodium Salt) is a nucleotide sugar synthesized from glucose through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP).