(E/Z)-Squalene ((E/Z)-AddaVax) regulates intracellular reactive oxidant species (ROS) production and induces apoptosis and necrosis in a concentration and time-dependent manner. (E/Z)-Squalene accumulates in the liver and lowers hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides.

Squalene (AddaVax) is a natural organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil, though there are botanical sources as well, including rice bran, wheat germ, and olives. All higher organisms produce squalene, including humans. Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity.