5(6) cr110 [5 (and 6) carboxyrhodamine 110] *mixed isomers*

5(6)-CR110, SE [5-(and 6)-Carboxyrhodamine 110, succinimidyl ester] *Mixed isomers* is a Fluorescein for peptide and oligonucleotide labeling. Compared to fluorescein labeling reagents such as FITC and FAM, CR110 reagents give more photostable and pH-independent bioconjugates that have the absorption maximum around the preferred 488 nm excitation wavelength. They are photostable alternative reagents superior to FITC and FAM.

5(6)-CR110 [5-(and 6)-Carboxyrhodamine 110] *Mixed isomers* is a Fluorescein for peptide and oligonucleotide labeling. Compared to fluorescein labeling reagents such as FITC and FAM, CR110 reagents give more photostable and pH-independent bioconjugates that have the absorption maximum around the preferred 488 nm excitation wavelength. They are photostable alternative reagents superior to FITC and FAM.

CY7-SE Triethylamine is a fluorescence labeling agent (Ex=700-770 nm，Em=790 nm) used for labeling proteins, peptides, antibodies, and oligonucleotides.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic compound used to detect cellobiohydrolases.

6-Ethyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylchromen-2-one is a fluorescent dye.

5-ROX, SE ([5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine, succinimidyl ester] *Single isomer*) is a labeling reagen used in the preparation of charge-modified dye-labeled Dideoxynucleotide Triphosphates (ddNTP) to direct-load DNA sequencing.

6-CFDA N-succinimidyl ester (Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl) is capable of spontaneously and irreversibly binding to free amines. Utilized in flow cytometry experiments for tracking cell division in both mammalian cells and bacteria. Used in combination with several cell permeabilizers as an effective, nondestructive fluorescencent stain to quickly detect bacterial cells.

5(6)-FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate), or Fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate, is a versatile amine-reactive derivative of fluorescein dye. It serves as an effective label for antibodies and other probes, finding utility in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence-based assays such as ELISA and Western blotting.

5(6)-TAMRA SE (5(6)-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine N-succinimidyl ester) is the amine-reactive, mixed isomer form of TAMRA. 5(6)-TAMRA SE is a dye for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications.

9-Amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine serves as a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe commonly utilized to assess vacuolar pH variations upon substrate translocation across the tonoplast via a putative H+/solute antiport system [1].

Fmoc-Lys(5-FITC)-OH serves as a fluorescent marker for polypeptides and proteins, utilizing FITC—a pH and Cu^2+-sensitive dye—as its fluorescence probe for amine labeling [1] [2] [3].

5-FAM maleimide, a derivative of 5-FAM, can be utilized for protein labeling [1].

5-CFDA-AM is a cell-permeable esterase substrate employed as an active probe to assess enzyme activity and cell membrane integrity. Electroneutral and capable of entering cells at concentrations lower than CFDA, it undergoes intracellular hydrolysis by esterases, generating carboxyfluorescein, which possesses an extra negative charge, allowing for improved cellular retention [1].

1,N6-Ethenoadenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium (1,N6-Etheno-AMP sodium), a fluorescent analog of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), serves as an effective probe for AMP-related systems due to its detectability at low concentrations. It is characterized by an excitation wavelength range of 250-300 nm and emits at 415 nm [1] [2].

NHS-5(6)Carboxyrhodamine is a fluorescent dye employed for precise labeling of proteins through fluorescence. This compound enables the achievement of accurate ratios of dye to protein, even when used under native conditions.

Tetramethylrhodamine-5-iodoacetamide (5-TMRIA) is a thiol-selective reactive dye that is used to non-specifically label proteins via the cysteine residues and covalently label DNA fragments[1].

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-Galactopyranoside-6-sulfate (sodium salt) (4-MU-Gal-6S) is a fluorogenic substrate used to quantify N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulphatase (GALNS) activity. 4-MU-Gal-6S is cleaved by GALNS to release the fluorescent moiety 4-MU. 4-MU fluorescence is pH-dependent with excitation maxima of 320 and 360 nm at low (1.97-6.72) and high (7.12-10.3) pH, respectively, and an emission maximum ranging from 445 to 455 nM, increasing as pH decreases. It has been used to detect Morquio disease type A, a lysosomal storage disorder in which GALNS is deficient. 4-MU-Gal-6S can be used to assess GALNS activity in a very small blood volume to determine the extent of deficiency.

6-FAM-PEG3-Azide is a fluorescent dye and click chemistry reagent utilized for labeling oligonucleotides [1]. It features an azide group that participates in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-bearing molecules. Furthermore, it is capable of engaging in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-α-D-mannopyranoside serves as a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme α-mannosidase, producing a salmon-colored precipitate following enzymatic cleavage.

6-TAMRA-SE (6-TAMRA-NHS ester) is an amine-reactive form of tetramethylrhodamine and one of the traditional fluorophores used for automated DNA sequencing.

5-FAM SE is a single isomer,it has been used to prepare various small fluorescent molecules. It is one of the most popular green fluorescent reagents used for labeling peptides, proteins and nucleotides.

6-CR110, SE [6-Carboxyrhodamine 110, succinimidyl ester]*Single isomer* is a Fluorescein for peptide and oligonucleotide labeling. Compared to fluorescein labeling reagents such as FITC and FAM, CR110 reagents give more photostable and pH-independent bioconjugates that have the absorption maximum around the preferred 488 nm excitation wavelength. They are photostable alternative reagents superior to FITC and FAM.

5-TAMRA-SE, an amine-reactive fluorescent agent, forms conjugates that produce bright, pH-insensitive orange-red fluorescence (approximate excitation/emission maxima ~546/579) and exhibit good photostability.

TAMRA hydrazide (6-isomer) is a xanthene red fluorophore and click chemistry reagent designed for labeling carbonyl compounds, including aldehydes and ketones. This compound facilitates the coupling of the hydrazide group to the target carbonyl, allowing for the incorporation of the fluorescent TAMRA label via reactions with terminal alkynes [1].

The cell-permeant pH indicator, carboxy SNARF-1, acetoxymethyl ester, acetate (CAS #126208-13-7) has a pKa of ~7.5 after de-esterification, thus is useful for measuring pH changes between pH 7 and pH 8. Carboxy-SNARF-1 exhibits a significant pH-dependent

Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) is a cell-permeant fluorogenic dye most often used as a conjugate to antibodies and proteins for fluorescence detection in microscopy. It displays excitation/emission maxima of 570/595 nm, respectively, and can be used in conjunction with immunohistochemistry for multi-labeling studies. It has also been used as an anterograde and retrograde tracer in neurons and in nanoparticles to detect apoptosis.

5(6)-Carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is an oxidant-sensitive and cell-permeable fluorescent probe.1Base hydrolysis of the ester bonds by intracellular esterases releases the acetate groups and the resulting compound, 5(6)-carboxy-2’,7’,-dichlorofluorescein, is oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and displays excitation/emission maxima of 504 and 530 nm, respectively, which can be quantified as a measure of oxidant production. 1.Hempel, S.L., Buettner, G.R., O’Malley, Y.Q., et al.Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: Comparison with 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and dihydrorhodamine 123Free Radic. Biol. Med.27(1-2)146-159(1999)

6-TRITC can bind to various antibody proteins, and the antibody does not lose its specificity of binding to certain antigens, and has a strong yellow-green fluorescence in alkaline solution.

HKYellow-AM (6/12-mixture) is a fluorogenic probe, which can be used for sensitive and specific detection of peroxynitrite.

5(6)-ROX, SE is an amine-reactive fluorescent probe that is widely used for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications.

Cyanine5 hydrazide (Cy5 hydrazide) is a fluorescent dye that targets aldehydes and ketones, suitable for protein labeling [1].

5-Bromo-1H-indol-3-yl octanoate is an esterase chromogenic substrate with C8 specificity that, upon cleavage, produces a blue precipitate.

Rhodamine B isothiocyanate is a mixture of isomers for fluorescence applications including fluorescent marking of proteins. It is derivatite of phenolphtalein.

Cyanine 5 Tyramide (Tyramide-Cy5), a red fluorescent dye, serves as a reporter fluorescent substrate in horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed deposition, a signal amplification method employed in immunoassays and in situ hybridization of nucleic acids.

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein (5-(and-6)-Carboxyfluorescein mixed isomers) contains a carboxylic acid that can be used to react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation of the carboxylic acid.

6-TAMRA (6-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine) serves as a popular fluorophore for the creation of bioconjugates, particularly in the synthesis of fluorescent antibodies and avidin derivatives employed in immunochemistry.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gaseous mediator, like nitric oxide, that has significant effects on the immunological, neurological, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems of mammals. WSP-5 is a reactive disulfide-containing, fluorescent probe designed for fast detection of H2S in biological samples and cells. Through a reaction-based fluorescent turn-on strategy, WSP-5 selectively and rapidly reacts with H2S, generating a fluorophore with excitation and emission maxima of 502 and 525 nm, respectively. WSP-5 demonstrates a faster fluorescence turn-on rate (60- vs. 130-fold) and a more sensitive detection limit (47 vs. 60 nM) toward H2S compared to WSP-1 .

FAM hydrazide, 6-isomer, a fluorescein (FAM) derivative belonging to the xanthene dye family, serves as a labeling agent for carbonyl compounds, including aldehydes and ketones [1].

5-TAMRA-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) is a TAMRA-labeled variant of Amyloid β-Protein (1-40), featuring an absorption/emission spectrum at 544/572 nm [1].

5-Propargylamino-ddCTP is a nucleoside molecule utilized in the synthesis of cyanine dye-nucleotide conjugate, which finds application in nucleic acid labeling and sequence analysis.

5-Propargylamino-ddUTP is a nucleoside molecule employed for the synthesis of cyanine dye-nucleotide conjugates, commonly used in nucleic acid labeling and sequence analysis.

5-(6)-Carboxy RhodFluor is a cell-impermeant pH indicator.

5(6)-Aminofluorescein (5(6)-AFM) is a high purity and quality chemical used as molecular probe and important as fluorescent agent.

5-FAM-β-Amyloid (1-28) is a fluorescently-labeled peptide corresponding to the first 28 amino acids of the β-Amyloid protein.

2'(3')-O-Anthraniloyladenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (2'-ANT-ATP) and its isomer 3'-ANT-ATP are fluorescent derivatives of ATP that spontaneously isomerize. Emitting a maximum light of 428 nm when excited at 330 nm in water, 2'(3')-ANT-ATP specifically inhibits several types of adenylyl cyclase (AC) including mammalian AC1, AC2, and AC5 with inhibition constants (Kis) of 130, 640, and 120 nM, respectively. It also inhibits Bordetella pertussis AC toxin CyaA with Kis of 1.3 µM (in the presence of manganese) and 20 µM (in the presence of magnesium), Bacillus anthracis AC toxin edema factor with Kis of 0.44 µM (with manganese) and 5.15 µM (with magnesium), and Escherichia coli recombinase A (RecA) with a Ki of 6.3 µM.

2'(3')-O-Anthraniloylguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (2'-ANT-GTP) and 3'-ANT-GTP are fluorescent derivatives of GTP that exhibit spontaneous isomerization. 2'(3')-ANT-GTP features an emission peak at 428 nm when excited at 330 nm in aqueous conditions. It functions as an inhibitor of several adenylyl cyclases, notably mammalian adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1; Ki = 10 nM with manganese), inhibits B. anthracis adenylyl cyclase toxin edema factor (Kis = 4.1 and 13 µM with manganese and magnesium, respectively), and B. pertussis adenylyl cyclase toxin CyaA (Ki = 29 µM with manganese).

The isomeric 6-ROX, SE is an amine-reactive form of carboxy-X-rhodamine and is widely used for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications.

Fluorescein-6-isothiocyanate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64942 and the CAS number is 18861-78-4.

5-ROX (5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine), a rhodamine dye, exhibits strong fluorescence property in aqueous buffer with the λexit of 580 nm (ε=3.6×10^4/(M·cm)), and λemit of 604 nm (ϕ=0.94).

1,4-Dichloro 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine is a fluorescence labeling agent (Ex: 541 nm, Em: 568 nm).