a,a-trehalose

D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate (α,α-Trehalose dihydrate) is a natural α-linked disaccharide formed by an α, α-1, 1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units.

β,β-Trehalose, a trehalose analog, supports the growth of Cuscuta shoot tips and can be cleaved by nonspecific β-glucosidase [1].

Validamycin A is an antifungal agent used to protect rice plants against sheath blight caused by the pathogenic fungus, R. solani, due to its ability to inhibit trehalase, a trehalose-hydrolizing enzyme (Ki = 1.9 nM; IC50 = 0.7 μM). It is also effective against the growth and sporulation of R. cerealis, F. culmorum, and other fungi. This compound has also been used to study trehalase activity and trehalose biosynthesis.

α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) potassium is an intrinsic 6-phosphate derivative of α,α′-trehalose and acts as an intermediary metabolite. It undergoes enzymatic conversion to the final metabolic product, α,α′-trehalose, via the enzyme Tre6P phosphatase (T6PP) [1].

Lentztrehalose A, a disaccharide microbial metabolite identified in Lentzea, exhibits a range of biological activities. This compound specifically inhibits M. smegmatis trehalase—an enzyme involved in trehalose metabolism—more effectively than trehalase from porcine kidney, with IC50 values of 0.67 mM and >20 mM, respectively. Additionally, Lentztrehalose A at a concentration of 100 mM promotes autophagy in MeWo melanoma and OVK18 ovarian cancer cells. When administered at 50 mg/kg daily, it enhances survival rates and impedes tumor growth in a Sarcoma 180 murine sarcoma model.

Lentztrehalose B, a microbial disaccharide metabolite isolated from Lentzea, exhibits a range of biological activities. At a concentration of 100 µM, it demonstrates antioxidant properties in an oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Furthermore, Lentztrehalose B at 10 mM inhibits porcine kidney trehalase, an enzyme involved in trehalose metabolism. Additionally, it induces autophagy in MeWo melanoma and OVK18 ovarian cancer cells when applied at 100 mM.