adenosine-5'-diphosphate disodium

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt has been shown to inhibit the binding of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) to 5-HT2 receptors, which are present in heart tissue.

Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt (UDP disodium salt) is a specific agonist of the P2Y6 receptors (EC50 = 13 nM for human P2Y6), stimulating the production of inflammatory mediators, phagocytosis, and vasoconstriction. Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt also acts as an antagonist of P2Y14.

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt (GMP-5) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. In particular, L-Glutamic acid and guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from xanthylic acid and L-glutamine; which is catalyzed by the enzyme GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]. In addition, Guanosine triphosphate and guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from diguanosine tetraphosphate; which is catalyzed by the enzyme bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase [asymmetrical]. In humans, guanosine monophosphate is involved in the kanamycin action pathway, the telithromycin action pathway, the tobramycin action pathway, and the erythromycin action pathway. Guanosine monophosphate is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria (D and L form) pathway. Outside of the human body, guanosine monophosphate can be found in a number of food items such as onion-family vegetables, millet, chinese water chestnut, and red rice. This makes guanosine monophosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate disodium (CDP sodium salt) produces CTP to support DNA and RNA biosynthesis and ribonucleotide reductase to produce dCMP.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) induces human platelet aggregation and non-competitively blocks the stimulated human platelet adenylate cyclase.

Adenosine receptor A1 antagonist 5 acts as an adenosine antagonist, is an oxypurine, acts as an insecticide and pest control agent, and has an inhibitory effect on elevated blood pressure.

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) as Potential Iron Mobilizer, Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate (5'-AMP) , also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-.

7-Methylguanosine 5’-diphosphate (7-Methyl-GDP) sodium, a cap analog, is utilized in the synthesis of mRNA cap analogues[1].

5-Phospho-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) is a natural intermediate involved in the pentose phosphate pathway leading to purine, pyrimidine, and histidine metabolism. It is also an intermediate in the synthesis of plant hormones, alkaloids, and other secondary metabolites from glucose. Several phosphoribosyltransferases (PRTases) use PRPP as a substrate to add a 5-phosphoribosyl group to another substrate, as in the production of adenosine monophosphate from adenine and PRPP by adenine PRTase. N/A

Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate is an inhibitor of ecto-5’-nucleotidase, also known as CD73, with a Kivalue of 37 nM.1It inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by adenosine 5’-monophosphate , adenosine 5’-diphosphate , or adenosine 5’-triphosphate but not adenosine in VA-13 human fibroblasts when used at a concentration of 100 μM. Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate reduces proliferation of U138MG glioma cells, as well as inhibits the invasion and migration of MHCC97H hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a migration assay.2,3It increases tumor infiltration of CD3+CD8+T cells and reduces tumor growth in a K1735 murine melanoma model when administered at a dose of 400 μg/mouse.4 1.Bruns, R.F.Adenosine receptor activation by adenine nucleotides requires conversion of the nucleotides to adenosineNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.315(1)5-13(1980) 2.Braganhol, E., Tamajusuku, A.S.K., Bernardi, A., et al.Ecto-5′-nucleotidase/CD73 inhibition by quercetin in the human U138MG glioma cell lineBiochim. Biophys. Acta1770(9)1352-1359(2007) 3.Shali, S., Yu, J., Zhang, X., et al.Ecto\5′\nucleotidase (CD73) is a potential target of hepatocellular carcinomaJ. Cell Physiol.234(7)10248-10259(2018) 4.Forte, G., Sorrentino, R., Montinaro, A., et al.Inhibition of CD73 improves B cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in a mouse model of melanomaJ. Immunol.189(5)2226-2233(2021)

Adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate sodium is a competitive P2Y1 antagonist with non-selective antagonism at recombinant and human platelet P2X1 receptors.

Thymidine 5′-diphosphate (dTDP), a crucial product of pyrimidine synthesis in organisms, is synthesized through the thymidylate kinase (TMPK)-catalyzed phosphorylation of 5′-thymidine monophosphate (dTMP), requiring ATP and Mg2+. It is further converted to thymidine 5′-triphosphate (dTTP) via TMPK catalysis. The activity of TMPK can be monitored by assessing the levels of dTDP [1] [2].

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) diammonium, a dinucleotide cap analog, facilitates in vitro RNA transcription [1].

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) is a dinucleotide cap analog employed in the process of in vitro RNA transcription.

Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium, isolated from Occhromonas malhamensis [1], is a chemical compound.

Adenosine 5'-succinate is a compound closely related to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that demonstrates strong inhibitory properties against taste receptor activation of transducin caused by Denatonium benzoate.

Guanosine 5’-diphosphate (GDP) is a purine nucleotide and biosynthetic precursor of guanosine 5’-triphosphate .1It has been used to study the conformations of GTPases.2GDP (100 μM) activates sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) linked to the inward-rectifier potassium channel 6.1 (Kir6.1) in HEK293T cells in a patch-clamp assay.3 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Biochemistry(2002) 2.Vetter, I.R., and Wittinghofer, A.The guanine nucleotide-binding switch in three dimensionsScience294(5545)1299-1304(2001) 3.Yamada, M., Isomoto, S., Matsumoto, S., et al.Sulphonylurea receptor 2B and Kir6.1 form a sulphonylurea-sensitive but ATP-insensitive K+ channelJ. Physiol.499(Pt 3)715-720(1997)

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine, known as a 5′ cap analog, serves as a fluorescent substrate analog.

Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate sodium salt is an inhibitor of hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases, which are adenine nucleotides containing a phosphate group at the 3' and 5' positions of the pentose ribose.Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate (sodium salt) is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor of sulfotransferases (SULTs). diphosphate disodium is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor for sulfotransferases (SULTs), which has been used to study the kinetic properties and structure of SULTs.

7-Deazaadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate, a modified nucleotide and metabolite of tubercidin, is generated through phosphorylation of tubercidin and further undergoes phosphorylation to become the active metabolite 7-deazaadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate.

Nucleoside Derivatives - 3’-Modified nucleosides; Protected nucleosides w/NH/OH open

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (Adenosine Phosphate Disodium) is a purine nucleotide involved in ATP metabolism and is used to study the effects of ATP on cells and organisms. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt has been shown to have a variety of biochemical and physiological effects. It has been shown to increase cell metabolism, gene expression, and protein synthesis.

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl adenosine is a Nucleoside.

2-Amino-3',5'-di-O-acetyl-N6,N6-dimethyl-2'-O-methyl adenosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 6-Modified purine nucleoside; 2'-Modified nucleoside.

Nucleoside Derivatives - 3’-Modified nucleosides; Protected nucleosides with NH2/OH open; Ready for phosphorylation

N6-Methyladenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt is a glycogen phosphorylase b activator(Ka of 22 µM).

Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate sodium is a derivative of adenosine used as an intermediate for nucleotide synthesis. It significantly influences the accumulation of cyclic AMP.

2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium (2'-dUMP⋅2Na) salt is used by the enzyme thymidylate synthetase (TS) for the de novo production of dTMP. dUMP is used as the reference substrate in studies of dUMP analogues in potential chemotherapy applications.

Uridine 5'-diphosphate acts as a P2Y6 receptor agonist, exhibiting an EC50 value of 0.013 μM for the human P2Y6 receptor [1].

Rp-Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (Rp-ATP-α-S), a sulfur-containing nucleotide derivative isomer and a purinergic P2Y1 receptor agonist, promotes calcium mobilization in HEK293 cells expressing the human P2Y1 receptor (EC50 = 75 nM). This compound exhibits binding affinity to washed isolated human platelets (Ki = 156 nM) and attenuates ADP-induced aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP; pA2 = 4.74), as well as inhibits cAMP production triggered by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in human PRP (pA2 = 5.26). Furthermore, it triggers relaxation in carbamoylcholine-constricted guinea pig taenia coli strips (EC50 = 56 nM). Rp-ATP-α-S also contributes to the synthesis of cyclic dinucleotides, recognized by bacterial riboswitches.

Isoguanosine-5'-O-diphosphate (isoGDP), an isomer of GDP and a phosphorylated variant of crotonoside, acts as a mitochondrial ATPase inhibitor, demonstrating effectiveness at a concentration of 3 µM (IC50 = 3 µM).

Thymidine-5’-O-(α,β-methylene)diphosphate (TMP-CP), a hydrolytically stable derivative of TDP, functions as an inhibitor of thymidine kinase (Ki = 23 µM). It serves as a precursor in the synthesis of α,β-methylene-2’-deoxythymidine 5’-triphosphate, which is a non-cleavable substrate for DNA polymerase.

Adenosine 5’-monophosphate triethylammonium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is TNU1647.

Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt (TMP DISODIUM SALT) is found in DNA. In mammalian cells, thymidine deprivation induces chromosome aberrations such as chromatid breaks, chromatid interchanges, and chromosome fragmentation.

5’-modified nucleoside; halo-nucleoside

N6-Bz-5’-O-DMTr-2’-O-hexadecanyl adenosine 3’-CED phosphoramidite is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TNU1652 and the CAS number is 2382942-35-8.

2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-diphosphate trisodium (dCDP) is used as a substrate of CDP (nucleoside diphosphate) kinase (2.7.4.6) for the production of dCTP to support DNA biosynthesis and reverse transcription.

3',5'-TIPS-N-Ac-Adenosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - Protected nucleoside with NH2/OH open.

Nucleoside; Used for nucleoside modification

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (ADP sodium salt) is an adenine nucleotide that is phosphorylated into ATP by ATPase. This phosphorylation is a key part of cellular homeostatis as it allows for energy storage and is involved in nucleic acid metabolism. ADP affects platelet activation through its interaction with ADP receptors P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2X1. Upon its conversion to adenosine by ecto-ADPases, platelet activation is inhibited via adenosine receptors.

Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium (Deoxythymidine 3′,5′-diphosphate tetrasodium) acts as a selective inhibitor targeting staphylococcal nuclease, tudor domain-containing 1 (SND1, a MicroRNA regulatory complex RISC subunit), and [3,5-2H2] tyrosyl nuclease. It possesses anti-tumor properties and serves as a catalyst in various biochemical reactions [1] [2].

Uridine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (Disodium UMP) has been used to study the effect of pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor, 5-azacytidine, on cholesterol and lipid metabolism. It has been used to study the effect of nucleotides on growth of specific intestinal bacteria.

Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-Glucose sodium salt) is an endogenous nucleotide sugar involved in glycosyltransferase reactions in Metabolism. It is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor (EC50 = 0.35 μM). It can also bind to and activate GPR17, inducing oligodendrocyte differentiation at a maximal concentration of 100 μM.

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt (5'-GDP-Na2) is a nucleoside diphosphate, is a potential iron mobilizer, which prevents the hepcidin-ferroportin interaction and modulating the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/stat-3 pathway.

Sp-Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (Sp-ATP-α-S), an isomer of the ATP-α-S sulfur-containing nucleotide derivative and a purinergic P2Y1 receptor agonist, effectively increases calcium mobilization in HEK293 cells harboring the P2Y1 receptor with an EC50 of 9.4 nM for the human receptor. It also inhibits ADP-induced human isolated platelet aggregation with a Ki value of 4 μM and prompts relaxation in carbamoylcholine-tightened guinea pig taenia coli, achieving an EC50 of 426 nM.

Adenosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATPγS), an agonist of the purinergic P2Y11 receptor, prompts inositol phosphate accumulation in CHO-K1 cells harboring the human or canine P2Y11 receptor with EC50 values of 1.2 and 19.3 µM, respectively. At a concentration of 10 µM, ATPγS mitigates Junin virus-induced mRNA boosts pertaining to bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) and diminishes particle forming units (PFUs) in infected primary rat osteoblasts. Furthermore, when applied at 25 µM, it triggers insulin secretion in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells.

2-Chloroadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate, a purine nucleotide adenosine 5'diphosphate (ADP) derivative, demonstrates multiple biological activities. It promotes aggregation and inhibits cyclic AMP (cAMP) production, triggered by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in a concentration-dependent manner within isolated human platelet-rich plasma. Additionally, this compound facilitates the relaxation of precontracted isolated guinea pig taenia coli strips (pD2 = 6.74) and reduces arterial blood pressure in rats. Moreover, 2-Chloroadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate significantly inhibits the ATPase activity of mortalin, a member of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family, with an apparent Ki of 45.05 µM for the human enzyme.

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate trisodium salt (CDP) can produce Cytidine triphosphate for synthesis of DNA and RNA through the transfer of phosphoryl group from ATP to cytidine monophosphate (CMP) catalyzed by uridine monophosphate kinase (UMPK).

Sodium ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl diphosphate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T65217.